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Related papers: Testing Dark Energy and Cardassian Expansion for C…

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The Cardassian universe is a proposed modification to the Friedmann equation in which the universe is flat, matter dominated, and accelerating. In the ordinary Friedmann equation, the right hand side is a linear function of the energy…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Katherine Freese

Cosmic acceleration is widely believed to require either a source of negative pressure (i.e., dark energy), or a modification of gravity, which necessarily implies new degrees of freedom beyond those of Einstein gravity. In this paper we…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-06-28 Lasha Berezhiani , Justin Khoury , Junpu Wang

We combine cosmic chronometer and growth of structure data to derive the redshift evolution of the dark energy equation of state $w$, using a novel agnostic approach. The background and perturbation equations lead to two expressions for…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-10-04 Louis Perenon , Matteo Martinelli , Roy Maartens , Stefano Camera , Chris Clarkson

We study dynamical dark energy models within Einstein's theory by means of matter perturbations and the growth index $\gamma$. Within four-dimensional General Relativity, we assume that dark energy does not cluster, and we adopt a linear…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-06-07 G. Panotopoulos , G. Barnert , L. E. Campusano

We consider the scenario where our observable universe is devised as a dynamical four-dimensional hypersurface embedded in a five-dimensional bulk spacetime, with a large extra dimension, which is the {\it generalization of the flat FRW…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 J. Ponce de Leon

The discovery ten years ago that the expansion of the Universe is accelerating put in place the present cosmological model, in which the Universe is composed of 4% baryons, 20% dark matter, and 76% dark energy. Yet the underlying cause of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2009-04-17 Joshua A. Frieman

The possible slowing down of cosmic acceleration was widely studied. However, the imposition of dark energy parametrization brought some tensions. In our recent paper, we test this possibility using a model-independent method, Gaussian…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-04-04 Ming-Jian Zhang , Jun-Qing Xia

In a previous paper (Ref. [1]) the presence of dark energy in our universe was explained as the fingerprint of a comprehensive, much older and expanding multiverse with positive spatial curvature, whose space-time is spanned by this energy,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-09-06 Rebhan Eckhard

A new cosmic scenario with gravitationally induced particle creation is proposed. In this model the Universe evolves from an early to a late time de Sitter era, with the recent accelerating phase driven only by the negative creation…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-22 J. A. S. Lima , L. L. Graef , D. Pavón , S. Basilakos

When dark matter structures form and equilibrate they have to release a significant amount of energy in order to obey the virial theorem. Since dark matter is believed to be unable to radiate, this implies that some of the accreted dark…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-04-03 Steen H. Hansen

We explore the properties of dark energy models for which the equation-of-state, w, defined as the ratio of pressure to energy density, crosses the cosmological-constant boundary w = -1. We adopt an empirical approach, treating the dark…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-04-06 Robert R. Caldwell , Michael Doran

There is now strong observational evidence that the expansion of the universe is accelerating. The standard explanation invokes an unknown "dark energy" component. But such scenarios are faced with serious theoretical problems, which has…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Martin Kunz , Domenico Sapone

Dark energy plays a crucial role in the evolution of cosmic expansion. In most studies, dark energy is considered a single dynamic component. In fact, multi-component dark energy models may theoretically explain the accelerated expansion of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-20 Lu Chen , Peiyuan Xu , Guohao Li , Yang Han

A phenomenological model of dark energy that tracks the baryonic and cold dark matter at early times but resembles a cosmological constant at late times is explored. In the transition between these two regimes, the dark energy density drops…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2013-11-13 Jannis Bielefeld , W. L. Kimmy Wu , Robert R. Caldwell , Olivier Dore

This article discusses a dark energy cosmological model in the standard theory of gravity - general relativity with a broad scalar field as a source. Exact solutions of Einstein's field equations are derived by considering a particular form…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-08-23 S. K. J. Pacif , Simran Arora , P. K. Sahoo

Recent observations from the DESI survey have reignited the debate on the true nature of dark energy, challenging the standard model of cosmology. The results suggest a preference for dynamical dark energy rather than a constant. Several…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-28 Ramanpreet Singh , Athul CN , H. K. Jassal

Observations conducted over the last few decades show that the expansion of the Universe is accelerating. In the standard model of cosmology, this accelerated expansion is attributed to a dark energy in the form of a cosmological constant.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-04-22 Joseph Ryan

It is obtained that dark energy emerges from higher-derivative gravity with anon-linear terms proportional to $R^2$ and $R^3$ with $R$ being the Ricci scalar curvature. Interestingly, it is found that the universe begins with acceleration,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 S. K. Srivastava

Since the discovery of the accelerated expansion of the Universe, the constraints on the equation of state $w_\text{DE}$ of dark energy, the stress-energy component responsible for the acceleration, have tightened significantly. These…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-10-09 Fabian Schmidt

Observations have confirmed the accelerated expansion of the universe. The accelerated expansion can be modelled by invoking a cosmological constant or a dynamical model of dark energy. A key difference between these models is that the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-06-13 Manvendra Pratap Rajvanshi , Jasjeet Singh Bagla