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The concept of Euclidean time is proposed which is dual to the usual Minkowski time. The De Sitter solution is shown to be dual to the anti-De Sitter solution under the dual transformation in which Euclidean time and Minkowski time are…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 Hirotaka Sugawara

As true as it is that a bricklayer needs a plumb line and a T-square, so it is that a physicist using general relativity needs how to draw geodesics and use fields of congruent vector frames of reference. While the first part of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-06-10 Ll. Bel

Space-time intervals corresponding to different events on the worldline of any ponderable object (for example a clock) are time-like. In consequence, in the analysis of any space-time experiment involving clocks only the region for $c\Delta…

General Physics · Physics 2016-10-27 J. H. Field

Space-time--time is a natural hybrid of Kaluza's five-dimensional geometry and Weyl's conformal space-time geometry. Translations along the secondary time dimension produce the electromagnetic gauge transformations of Kaluza--Klein theory…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Homer G. Ellis

Based on a unified quantum field theory of spinors assumed to describe all matter fields and their interactions we construct the space time structure of general relativity according to a general connection within the corresponding spinor…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-05-11 Martin Kober

There are multiple generalisations of the Pythagorean theorem to spherical and hyperbolic geometry. A natural one, involving areas of disks with radii equal to the sides of a proper triangle, was discovered in the hyperbolic case by Maria…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2025-09-04 Michaël Maex

We present a novel derivation of both the Minkowski metric and Lorentz transformations from the consistent quantification of a causally ordered set of events with respect to an embedded observer. Unlike past derivations, which have relied…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2014-12-22 Kevin H. Knuth , Newshaw Bahreyni

A gauge-theoretic framework for spacetime and gravitation is proposed, in which a Cartan khronon field breaks the symmetry between space and time, enabling the emergence of temporality within a fundamentally Euclidean setting. Based on a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-31 Tomi Koivisto , Lucy Zheng , Tom Zlosnik

Weyl famously argued that if space were discrete, then Euclidean geometry could not hold even approximately. Since then, many philosophers have responded to this argument by advancing alternative accounts of discrete geometry that recover…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2023-09-06 Lu Chen

We show that the two-point function \sigma(x,x')=\sqrt{<[\phi(x)-\phi(x')]^{2}>} of a scalar quantum field theory is a metric (i.e., a symmetric positive function satisfying the triangle inequality) on space-time (with imaginary time). It…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2013-09-18 Arnab Kar , S. G. Rajeev

This is intended as an analysis of the global properties of static and stationary spacetimes with complete (timelike) Killing field, with particular attention to quotients by group actions. This is presented in terms of algebraic structures…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-24 Steven G. Harris

Influence network of events is a view of the universe based on events that may be related to one another via influence. The network of events form a partially-ordered set which, when quantified consistently via a technique called chain…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2024-10-29 Newshaw Bahreyni , Carlo Cafaro , Leonardo Rossetti

We study time-like surfaces in the three-dimensional Minkowski space with diagonalizable second fundamental form. On any time-like W-surface we introduce locally natural principal parameters and prove that such a surface is determined…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2014-11-24 Vesselka Mihova , Georgi Ganchev

This paper is devoted to discussing the topological structure of the arrow of time. In the literature, it is often accepted that its algebraic and topological structures are that of a one-dimensional Euclidean space $\mathbb{E}^1$, although…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-09-23 B. F. Rizzuti , L. M. Gaio , Lucas T. Cardoso

In a previous effort [arXiv:1708.05492] we have created a framework that explains why topological structures naturally arise within a scientific theory; namely, they capture the requirements of experimental verification. This is…

General Physics · Physics 2020-06-25 Gabriele Carcassi , Christine A. Aidala

In this short paper I discuss how conformal geometric algebra models for euclidean and minkowski targetspaces determine the allowed quantum mechanical statespaces for free particles. I explicitly treat 2-dimensional euclidean space and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 F. M. C. Witte

We argue that a consistent coupling of a quantum theory to gravity requires an extension of ordinary `first order' Riemannian geometry to second order Riemannian geometry, which incorporates both a line element and an area element. This…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-04-11 Folkert Kuipers

We describe how a physical theory incorporating the properties of fields deriving from extra-dimensional structures over a four-dimensional spacetime manifold can in principle be obtained through the analysis of a simple initial structure…

General Physics · Physics 2016-10-17 David J. Jackson

In this article, I develop an elementary system of axioms for Euclidean geometry. On one hand, the system is based on the symmetry principles which express our a priori ignorant approach to space: all places are the same to us (the…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2021-06-01 Boris Čulina

The radar experiment connects the geometry of spacetime with an observers measurement of spatial length. We investigate the radar experiment on Finsler spacetimes which leads to a general definition of radar orthogonality and radar length.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-10-08 Christian Pfeifer
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