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Related papers: The LISA Time-Delay Interferometry Zero-Signal Sol…

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With a laser interferometric gravitational-wave detector in separate free flying spacecraft, the only way to achieve detection is to mitigate the dominant noise arising from the frequency fluctuations of the lasers via postprocessing. The…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-04-27 Quentin Baghi , John Baker , Jacob Slutsky , James Ira Thorpe

Many years of development have gone into producing instruments that meet the required noise performance of the LISA interferometric detection system. Concurrently, software simulations have been used to extensively develop the data analysis…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-06-23 Reid Ferguson , Olaf Hartwig , Guido Mueller

The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) is a European Space Agency mission that aims to measure gravitational waves in the millihertz range. The three-spacecraft constellation forms a nearly-equilateral triangle, which experiences…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-07-07 Olaf Hartwig , Jean-Baptiste Bayle

Space-based gravitational wave detectors cannot keep rigid structures and precise arm length equality, so the precise equality of detector arms which is required in a ground-based interferometer to cancel the overwhelming laser noise is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-09-25 Chunyu Zhang , Qing Gao , Yungui Gong , Dicong Liang , Alan J. Weinstein , Chao Zhang

We investigate the impact of missing input data on the construction of second-generation Time Delay Interferometry (TDI) variables, which enable data analysis for the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA). TDI relies on the introduction…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-09 Ollie Burke , Martina Muratore , Graham Woan

The accurate sky localization of gravitational wave (GW) sources is an important scientific goal for space-based GW detectors. The main differences between future space-based GW detectors, such as Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA),…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-10-31 Tong Jiang , Yungui Gong , Xuchen Lu

Space-based gravitational wave (GW) detectors are designed for wave sources in the millihertz band with different locations and orientations. Time-delay interferometry (TDI) technique is an indispensable ingredient in space-borne GW…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-12-05 Pan-Pan Wang , Hao-Kang Chen , Wei-Liang Qian , Rui Luo , Jing Zhou , Wei-Sheng Huang , Yu-Jie Tan , Cheng-Gang Shao

Time-delay interferometry (TDI) is essential for suppressing laser frequency noise in space-based gravitational wave (GW) observatories such as LISA. However, current second-generation TDI schemes often exhibit undesirable null frequencies…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-01-19 Gang Wang

LISA is an array of three spacecraft in an approximately equilateral triangle configuration which will be used as a low-frequency gravitational wave detector. We present here new generalizations of the Michelson- and Sagnac-type time-delay…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 Daniel A. Shaddock , Massimo Tinto , Frank B. Estabrook , J. W. Armstrong

The proposed Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) mission is tasked with the detection and characterization of gravitational waves from various sources in the universe. This endeavor is challenged by transient displacement and…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-05-21 Niklas Houba , Luigi Ferraioli , Domenico Giardini

In the detection of gravitational waves in space, the arm lengths between spacecraft are not equal due to their orbital motion. Consequently, the equal arm length Michelson interferometer used in Earth laboratories is not suitable for…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-06-21 Gang Wang

LISA is a joint space mission of the NASA and the ESA for detecting low frequency gravitational waves in the band $10^{-5} - 1$ Hz. In order to attain the requisite sensitivity for LISA, the laser frequency noise must be suppressed below…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-12-18 S. V. Dhurandhar , J-Y. Vinet , K. Rajesh Nayak

In the context of the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA), the laser subsystems exhibit frequency fluctuations that introduce significant levels of noise into the measurements, surpassing the gravitational wave signal by several…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2024-01-15 Philipp Euringer , Niklas Houba , Gerald Hechenblaikner , Oliver Mandel , Francis Soualle , Walter Fichter

The proposed space-borne laser interferometric gravitational wave (GW) observatory TianQin adopts a geocentric orbit for its nearly equilateral triangular constellation formed by three identical drag-free satellites. The geocentric distance…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-06-02 Ming-Yue Zhou , Xin-Chun Hu , Bobing Ye , Shoucun Hu , Dong-Dong Zhu , Xuefeng Zhang , Wei Su , Yan Wang

Time-delay interferometry (TDI) suppresses laser frequency noise by forming linear combinations of time-shifted interferometric measurements. The time-shift operation is implemented by interpolating discretely sampled data. To enable…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-06-16 Martin Staab , Jean-Baptiste Bayle , Olaf Hartwig , Aurélien Hees , Marc Lilley , Graham Woan , Peter Wolf

Three spacecraft of LISA/TAIJI mission follow their respective geodesic trajectories, and their interferometric arms are unequal and time-varying due to orbital dynamics. Time-delay interferometry (TDI) is proposed to suppress the laser…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-05-26 Gang Wang , Wei-Tou Ni

We present a data analysis methodology for a model-independent reconstruction of the spectral shape of a stochastic gravitational wave background with LISA. We improve a previously proposed reconstruction algorithm that relied on a single…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-02-17 Raphael Flauger , Nikolaos Karnesis , Germano Nardini , Mauro Pieroni , Angelo Ricciardone , Jesús Torrado

Data from the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) is expected to be dominated by frequency noise from its lasers. However the noise from any one laser appears more than once in the data and there are combinations of the data that are…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 J. D. Romano , G. Woan

Accurate and efficient modeling of the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) response is crucial for gravitational-wave (GW) data analysis. A key computational challenge lies in evaluating time-delay interferometry (TDI) variables,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-08-15 Jorge Valencia , Sascha Husa

Time-delay interferometry (TDI) is a crucial technology for space-based gravitational wave detectors. Previous studies have identified the optimal TDI configuration for the first-generation. In this research, we used an Algebraic approach…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-04-28 Yu Tian , Zhi-Xiang Li