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A new representation of Quantum Gravity is developed. This formulation is based on an extension of the group of loops. The enlarged group, that we call the Extended Loop Group, behaves locally as an infinite dimensional Lie group. Quantum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-22 C. Di Bartolo , R. Gambini , J. Griego

This article reviews the status of several solutions to all the constraints of quantum gravity that have been proposed in terms of loops and extended loops. We discuss pitfalls of several of the results and in particular discuss the issues…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-28 Cayetano Di Bartolo , Rodolfo Gambini , Jorge Griego , Jorge Pullin

In the loop representation the quantum constraints of gravity can be solved. This fact allowed significant progress in the understanding of the space of states of the theory. The analysis of the constraints over loop dependent wavefunctions…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-28 Jorge Griego

Some features of extended loops are considered. In particular, the behaviour under diffeomorphism transformations of the wavefunctions with support on the extended loop space are studied. The basis of a method to obtain analytical…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Jorge Griego

We discuss constraint structure of extended theories of gravitation (also known as f(R) theories) in the vacuum selfdual formulation introduced in ref. [1].

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-03-13 L. Fatibene , M. Ferraris , M. Francaviglia

An extended Wigner function formalism is introduced for describing the quantum dynamics of particles with internal degrees of freedom in the presence of spatially inhomogeneous fields. The approach is used for quantitative simulations of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-05-09 Marcel Utz , Malcolm H Levitt , Nathan Cooper , Hendrik Ulbricht

The dual picture of quantum geometry provided by a spin network state is discussed. From this perspective, we introduce a new operator in Loop Quantum Gravity - the length operator. We describe its quantum geometrical meaning and derive…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Eugenio Bianchi

The suggested operator manifold formalism enables to develop an approach to the unification of the geometry and the field theory. We also elaborate the formalism of operator multimanifold yielding the multiworld geometry involving the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 G. T. Ter-Kazarian

The wave function in quantum mechanics presents an interesting challenge to our understanding of the physical world. In this paper, I show that the wave function can be understood as four intrinsic relations on physical space. My account…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-17 Eddy Keming Chen

Loop Quantum Gravity is a formalism for describing the quantum mechanics of the gravitational field based on the canonical quantization of General Relativity. The most important result of LQG is that geometric quantities such as area and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-10-25 W. F. Chagas-Filho

The purpose of this contribution is to give an introduction to quantum geometry and loop quantum gravity for a wide audience of both physicists and mathematicians. From a physical point of view the emphasis will be on conceptual issues…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2011-04-11 J. Fernando Barbero G.

The spread of the wave-function, or quantum uncertainty, is a key notion in quantum mechanics. At leading order, it is characterized by the quadratic moments of the position and momentum operators. These evolve and fluctuate independently…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-03 Etera R. Livine

We present a generalization of the first-order formalism used to describe the dynamics of a classical system. The generalization is then applied to the first-order action that describes General Relativity. As a result we obtain equations…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-05-29 W. F. Chagas-Filho

Various dualities are summarized. Based on the universal wave-particle duality, along an opposite direction of the developed quantum mechanics, we use a method where the wave quantities frequency and wave length are replaced on various…

General Physics · Physics 2010-08-18 Yi-Fang Chang

The quantum circuit model essentially treats every quantum algorithm as a straight-line program. While this view is universal, recent work has shown that it is inconvenient for using different-length quantum subroutines in superposition.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-11 Stacey Jeffery , Manideep Mamindlapally , Alex Baudoin Nguetsa Tankeu

An alternative expression for the length operator in loop quantum gravity is presented. The operator is background independent, symmetric, positive semidefinite, and well defined on the kinematical Hilbert space. The expression for the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-06-15 Yongge Ma , Chopin Soo , Jinsong Yang

We introduce the group field theory formalism for quantum gravity, mainly from the point of view of loop quantum gravity, stressing its promising aspects. We outline the foundations of the formalism, survey recent results and offer a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-09-01 Daniele Oriti

An angular momentum operator in loop quantum gravity is defined using spherically symmetric states as a non-rotating reference system. It can be diagonalized simultaneously with the area operator and has the familiar spectrum. The operator…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Martin Bojowald

We introduce a formulation of combined systems in orthodox non-relativistic quantum mechanics, mathematically equivalent to the usual one. For context and larger issues, see http://euclid.unh.edu/~jjohnson/axiomatics.html and…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Joseph F. Johnson

In this review, the fundamental structure of loop quantum gravity is presented pedagogically. Our main aim is to help non-experts to understand the motivations, basic structures, as well as general results. It may also be beneficial to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-05-16 Muxin Han , Weiming Huang , Yongge Ma
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