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We develop the General Theory of Relativity in a formalism with extended causality that describes physical interaction through discrete, transversal and localized pointlike fields. The homogeneous field equations are then solved for a…

The motion of a compact body in space and time is commonly described by the world line of a point representing the instantaneous position of the body. In General Relativity such a world-line formalism is not quite straightforward because of…

Finite metric spaces arise in many different contexts. Enormous bodies of data, scientific, commercial and others can often be viewed as large metric spaces. It turns out that the metric of graphs reveals a lot of interesting information.…

The coordinate conditions for three exact solutions for the metric components of a coordinate system with constant acceleration or of a static plane symmetric gravitational field are presented. First, the coordinate condition that the…

There are various ways of defining the Wick rotation in a gravitational context. There are good arguments to view it as an analytic continuation of the metric, instead of the coordinates. We focus on one very general definition and argue…

We consider spacetime to be a 4-dimensional differentiable manifold that can be split locally into time and space. No metric, no linear connection are assumed. Matter is described by classical fields/fluids. We distinguish electrically…

A compact object moving in curved spacetime interacts with its own gravitational field. This leads to both dissipative and conservative corrections to the motion, which can be interpreted as a self-force acting on the object. The original…

Every physical measuring needs a finite, different from zero measurement time and provides information in form of the choice of a measurement result from all possible measurement results. If infinitely many (different) measurement results…

This work constitutes the second part of a series of studies that aim to utilise tools from Hamiltonian mechanics to investigate the motion of an extended body in general relativity. The first part of this work [Refs. [1, 2]] constructed a…

A metric measure space is a metric space with a Borel measure. In Gromov's theory of metric measure spaces, there are important invariants called the partial diameter and the observable diameter. We obtain the result that the partial…

Conformal transformations are obtained by demanding that the form of the metric change by a conformal factor. Nevertheless, this transformation of the metric is not taken into account when a variation of the action is performed. The basic…

In this article, we introduce the concept of lexicographic metric space and, after discussing some basic properties of these metric spaces, such as completeness, boundedness, compactness and separability, we obtain a formula for the metric…

The standard formulation of quantum theory relies on a fixed space-time metric determining the localisation and causal order of events. In general relativity, the metric is influenced by matter, and is expected to become indefinite when…

The conformal factor of the spacetime metric becomes dynamical due to the trace anomaly of matter fields. Its dynamics is described by an effective action which we quantize by canonical methods on the Einstein universe $R\times S^3$. We…

Magnitude is a numerical invariant of finite metric spaces, recently introduced by T. Leinster, which is analogous in precise senses to the cardinality of finite sets or the Euler characteristic of topological spaces. It has been extended…

A metric-field approach to gravitation is presented. It is based on an idea of dependency of space-time properties on measuring instruments. Some bimetric equations that realize this idea are considered. They were tested by the binary…

This paper develops a conditional framework for understanding the emergence of measurable physical structure from a pre-metric domain. Contemporary physics provides powerful and precise descriptions of relations among already-defined…

This paper explores features of an idealized mathematical machine (algorithm) that would be capable of reconstructing the gravitational nature (the multipolar structure or spacetime metric) of a compact object, by observing gravitational…

The space-time geometry is considered to be a physical geometry, i.e. a geometry described completely by the world function. All geometrical concepts and geometric objects are taken from the proper Euclidean geometry. They are expressed via…

In an extension of speculations that physical space-time is a fractal which might itself be embedded in a high-dimensional continuum, it is hypothesized to "compensate" for local variations of the fractal dimension by instead varying the…