Related papers: Energy conservation for dynamical black holes
After considering the quantum corrections of Einstein-Maxwell theory, the effective theory will contain some higher-curvature terms and nonminimally coupled electromagnetic fields. In this paper, we study the first law of black holes in the…
Four classical laws of black hole thermodynamics are extended from exterior (event) horizon to interior (Cauchy) horizon. Especially, the first law of classical thermodynamics for Kerr-Newman black hole (KNBH) is generalized to those in…
It is established that black holes have entropy and behave as thermodynamical systems. Associating entropy to gravitational fields has not remained limited to black holes, necessitating the notion of the second law of thermodynamics in…
The generalized second law states the total entropy of any closed system as the universe cannot decrease if we include black hole entropy. From the point of view of an asymptotic observer, a black hole can be described at late time as an…
We show how to obtain a consistent thermodynamic description of accelerating asymptotically AdS black holes, extending our previous results by including charge and rotation. We find that the key ingredient of consistent thermodynamics is to…
We investigate whether the new horizon first law proposed recently still work in $f(R)$ theory. We identify the entropy and the energy of black hole as quantities proportional to the corresponding value of integration, supported by the fact…
It is shown that in general the energy ${\cal E}$ and the Hamiltonian ${\cal H}$ of matter fields on the black hole exterior play different roles. ${\cal H}$ is a generator of the time evolution along the Killing time while ${\cal E}$…
The thermal balance between the black hole and surrounding thermal radiation is an interesting topic. The primordial black hole is a type of black hole formed in the early universe, especially during the thermal radiation period of the…
With the recent progress in observations of astrophysical black holes, it has become more important to understand in detail the physics of strongly gravitating horizonless objects. If the objects identified in the observations are indeed…
The classical first law of thermodynamic for Kerr-Newmann black hole (KNBH) is generalized to that in quantum form on event horizon. Then four quantum conservation laws on the KNBH equilibrium radiation process are derived, and…
In the case of a large class of static spherically symmetric black hole solutions in higher order modified gravity models, an expression for the associated energy is proposed and identified as a quantity proportional to the constant of…
Higher-dimensional scenarios allow for the formation of mini-black holes from TeV-scale particle collisions. The purpose of this paper is to review and compare different methods for the estimate of the total gravitational energy emitted in…
We study the dynamical and thermodynamic evolution of a Schwarzschild black hole in Modified Gravity (MOG) under a scalar gravitational wave breathing mode. The time-dependent apparent horizon reveals that both the scalar strain velocity…
Energy conservation has the status of a fundamental physical principle. However, measurements in quantum mechanics do not comply with energy conservation. Therefore, it is expected that a more fundamental theory of gravity -- one that is…
Black holes, dark energy, and the Higgs field are all currently established, exciting, and mysterious, each in its own way. Cosmological data show that dark energy may evolve with time. The electroweak phase transition during stellar…
An exact energy expression for a physical black hole is derived by considering the escape of a photon from the black hole. The mass of the black hole within its horizon is found to be twice its mass as observed at infinity. This result is…
We study conserved charges and thermodynamics of analytic rotating anti-de Sitter black holes with extended horizon topology -- also known as black strings -- in dynamical Chern-Simons modified gravity. The solution is supported by a scalar…
A new model of the regular black hole in $(2+1)-$dimensions is introduced by considering an appropriate matter field as the energy-momentum tensor. First, we propose a novel model of $d$-dimensional energy density that in $(2+1)-$dimensions…
We examine the Zeroth Law and the Second Law of black hole thermodynamics within the context of effective gravitational actions including higher curvature interactions. We show that entropy can never decrease for quasi-stationary processes…
In the framework of Einstein-Maxwell theory, we consider collinear arrays of rotating electrically charged black holes connected by Misner-Dirac strings carrying gravimagnetic and magnetic fluxes. The first law of mechanics for these…