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The Spin Foam approach to quantum gravity aims at providing a covariant path-integral formulation of canonical Loop Quantum Gravity. Since spin foam amplitudes are defined through discretisations of spacetime, understanding the continuum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-19 Matteo Bruno , Eugenia Colafranceschi , Fabio M. Mele , Carlo Rovelli

In a previous article we have introduced an operator representing the three-dimensional scalar curvature in loop quantum gravity. In this article we examine the new curvature operator in the setting of quantum-reduced loop gravity. We…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-12-03 Jerzy Lewandowski , Ilkka Mäkinen

The Hilbert space of loop quantum gravity is usually described in terms of cylindrical functionals of the gauge connection, the electric fluxes acting as non-commuting derivation operators. It has long been believed that this…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-05-18 Aristide Baratin , Bianca Dittrich , Daniele Oriti , Johannes Tambornino

Loop quantum gravity is a physical theory which aims at unifying general relativity and quantum mechanics. It takes general relativity very seriously and modifies it via a quantisation. General relativity describes gravity in terms of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-02-02 J. Manuel García-Islas

This review is devoted to the analysis of the mutual consistency of the spin foam and canonical loop quantizations in three and four spacetime dimensions. In the three-dimensional context, where the two approaches are in good agreement, we…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-08-21 Sergei Alexandrov , Marc Geiller , Karim Noui

A surface theoretic view of non-perturbative quantum gravity as "spin-foams" was proposed by Baez. A possibility of constructing such a model was studied some time ago based on (2+1) dimensional general relativity as a reformulation of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Junichi Iwasaki

Spin foam models are a new approach to a formulation of quantum gravity which is fully background independent, non-perturbative, and covariant, in the spirit of path integral formulations of quantum field theory. In this thesis we describe…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Daniele Oriti

I review the formalism of loop quantum gravity, in both its real and complex formulations, and spin foam theory which is its path integral counterpart. Spin networks for non-compact groups are introduced (following hep-th/0205268) to deal…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Etera R. Livine

In recent twenty years, loop quantum gravity, a background independent approach to unify general relativity and quantum mechanics, has been widely investigated. We consider the quantum dynamics of a real massless scalar field coupled to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-25 Muxin Han , Yongge Ma

Any approach to pure quantum gravity must eventually face the question of coupling quantum matter to the theory. In the past, several ways of coupling matter to spin foam quantum gravity have been proposed, but the dynamics of the coupled…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-11-30 Masooma Ali , Sebastian Steinhaus

Spin foam models are an attempt for a covariant, or path integral formulation of canonical loop quantum gravity. The construction of such models usually rely on the Plebanski formulation of general relativity as a constrained BF theory and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-13 Aristide Baratin , Cecilia Flori , Thomas Thiemann

We introduce a new operator representing the three-dimensional scalar curvature in loop quantum gravity. The operator is constructed by writing the Ricci scalar classically as a function of the Ashtekar variables and regularizing the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-04-04 Ilkka Mäkinen

We construct the operator that projects on the physical states in loop quantum gravity. To this aim, we consider a diffeomorphism invariant functional integral over scalar functions. The construction defines a covariant, Feynman-like,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-08-25 Carlo Rovelli

We formulate the spin foam perturbation theory for three-dimensional Euclidean Quantum Gravity with a cosmological constant. We analyse the perturbative expansion of the partition function in the dilute-gas limit and we argue that the Baez…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-05-23 Joao Faria Martins , Aleksandar Mikovic

In this paper, we will make an attempt to clarify the relation between three-dimensional euclidean loop quantum gravity with vanishing cosmological constant and quantum field theory in the continuum. We will argue, in particular, that in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-10-22 Wolfgang Wieland

As a laboratory for loop quantum gravity, we consider the canonical quantization of the three-dimensional Chern-Simons theory on a noncompact space with the topology of a cylinder. Working within the loop quantization formalism, we define…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-03-03 Clisthenis P. Constantinidis , Gabriel Luchini , Olivier Piguet

A lattice quantum gravity model in 4 dimensional Riemannian spacetime is constructed based on the SU(2) Ashtekar formulation of general relativity. This model can be understood as one of the family of models sometimes called ``spin foam…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Junichi Iwasaki

We define a three-dimensional quantum theory of gravity as the holographic dual of the Liouville conformal field theory. The theory is consistent and unitary by definition. The corresponding theory of gravity with negative cosmological…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-02-19 Songyuan Li , Nicolaos Toumbas , Jan Troost

We analyze the phase space of gravity non-minimally coupled to a scalar field in a generic local Lorentz frame. We reduce the set of constraints to a first-class one by fixing a specific hypersurfaces in the phase space. The main issue of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-05-29 F. Cianfrani , G. Montani

The goal of spin foam models is to provide a viable path integral formulation of quantum gravity. Because of background independence, their underlying framework has certain novel features that are not shared by path integral formulations of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-01-25 Abhay Ashtekar , Miguel Campiglia , Adam Henderson