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Related papers: The cosmic censor conjecture: Is it generically vi…

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In a previous paper [9], we proved the following singularity theorem applicable to cosmological models with a positive cosmological constant: if a four-dimensional spacetime satisfying the null energy condition contains a compact Cauchy…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-12-12 Gregory J. Galloway , Eric Ling

Generalizing earlier results of Joshi and Dwivedi (Commun. Math. Phys. 146, 333 (1992); Lett. Math. Phys. 27, 235 (1993)), we analyze here the spherically symmetric gravitational collapse of a matter cloud with a general form of matter for…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-22 I. H. Dwivedi , P. S. Joshi

Spacetime singularities, in the sense that curvature invariants are infinite at some point or region, are thought to be impossible to observe, and must be hidden within an event horizon. This conjecture is called Cosmic Censorship (CC), and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-02-19 Leonel Bixano , I. A. Sarmiento-Alvarado , Tonatiuh Matos

In this note we review some aspects of topological censorship. We present several (actually five) alternative sets of hypotheses which allow the proof of a topological censorship theorem for spacetimes with conformal completions at infinity…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-10-04 Piotr T. Chruściel , Gregory J. Galloway

Misner spacetime is among the simplest solutions of Einstein's equation that exhibits a Cauchy horizon with a smooth extension beyond it. Besides violating strong cosmic censorship, this extension contains closed timelike curves. We analyze…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-07-15 Pedro Denaro , Gustavo Dotti

This article gives an elementary overview of the end-state of gravitational collapse according to classical general relativity. The focus of discussion is the formation of black holes and naked singularities in various physically reasonable…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 T. P. Singh

We consider spherically symmetric spacetimes with matter whose timelike flow is assumed to be shear-free. A number of results on the formation and visibility of spacetime singularities is proven, with the main one being that shear-free…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-05-12 Sergio M. C. V. Goncalves

The theory of General Relativity predicts that black holes are a natural constituent of our Universe. Before a black hole binary relaxes to a final state, it undergoes damped oscillations which completely characterize the final object.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-10-18 Kyriakos Destounis

The weak cosmic censorship conjecture plays a foundational role in classical gravity by asserting that spacetime singularities are generically hidden behind event horizons. In this work, we explore its robustness in the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-02 Yan-Qing Xu , Rui-Feng Zheng , Yu-Peng Zhang , Cheng-Yong Zhang

The Einstein theories of space-time and gravity as well the stander cosmology are reconstructed thoroughly in this paper based on flat reference frame. The rational parts of the Einstein theories are reserved while the irrational parts…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Mei Xiaochun

A physical interpretation of the recently discovered vast class of vacuum space-times, which stably violate the strong cosmic censor conjecture (in its usual broad formulation) in four dimensions, is exhibited. Namely, by elementary Morse…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-03-03 Gabor Etesi

All three-manifolds are known to occur as Cauchy surfaces of asymptotically flat vacuum spacetimes and of spacetimes with positive-energy sources. We prove here the conjecture that general relativity does not allow an observer to probe the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-22 John L. Friedman , Kristin Schleich , Donald M. Witt

Cosmic censorship conjecture takes a pivotal status in general relativity. We demonstrate that quantum effects, Hawking effect together with Shwinger effect inevitably lead to violation of cosmic censorship. We find that naked singularity…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-07-01 Yang Huang , Hongsheng Zhang

We study an analytical solution to the Einstein's equations in 2+1-dimensions, representing the self-similar collapse of a circularly symmetric, minimally coupled, massless, scalar field. Depending on the value of certain parameters, this…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-17 G. Oliveira-Neto

Israel's proof of the third law of black hole dynamics is based on the semi-rigidity assumption which requires that the areas of the outermost trapped surfaces are preserved. We argue that the condition that the area of the event horizon…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-05-22 Koray Düztaş

Assuming the Bousso bound, we prove a singularity theorem: if the light rays entering a hyperentropic region contract, then at least one light ray must be incomplete. "Hyperentropic" means that the entropy of the region exceeds the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-06-22 Raphael Bousso , Arvin Shahbazi-Moghaddam

The Einstein theories of space-time and gravity as well the stander cosmology are reconstructed thoroughly in this paper based on flat reference frame. The rational parts of the Einstein theories are reserved while the irrational parts…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Mei Xiaochun

The Penrose strong cosmic censorship conjecture asserts that Cauchy horizons inside dynamically formed black holes are unstable to remnant matter fields that fall into the black holes. The physical importance of this conjecture stems from…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-02-03 Shahar Hod

We use the formulation of thermodynamics of gravity as proposed by Clifton, Ellis and Tavakol on the gravitational collapse of dustlike matter, that violates the strong or weak cosmic censorship conjecture depending on the initial data. We…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-08-04 Giovanni Acquaviva , Rituparno Goswami , Aymen I. M. Hamid , Sunil D. Maharaj

Spacetime singularities that arise in gravitational collapse are always hidden inside of black holes. This is the essence of the weak cosmic censorship conjecture. The hypothesis, put forward by Penrose 40 years ago, is still one of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Shahar Hod