Related papers: Surface embedding, topology and dualization for sp…
In this paper, we make use of the relations between the braid and mapping class groups of a compact, connected, non-orientable surface N without boundary and those of its orientable double covering S to study embeddings of these groups and…
In algebraic topology, we usually represent surfaces by mean of cellular complexes. This representation is intrinsic, but requires to identify some points through an equivalence relation. On the other hand, embedding a surface in a…
A rectangular dual of a plane graph $G$ is a contact representation of $G$ by interior-disjoint rectangles such that (i) no four rectangles share a point, and (ii) the union of all rectangles is a rectangle. In this paper, we study…
We investigate properties of spatial graphs on the standard torus. It is known that nontrivial embeddings of planar graphs in the torus contain a nontrivial knot or a nonsplit link due to [1],[2]. Building on this and using the chirality of…
We investigate the spin and charge densities of surface states of the three-dimensional topological insulator $Bi_2Se_3$, starting from the continuum description of the material [Zhang {\em et al.}, Nat. Phys. 5, 438 (2009)]. The spin…
We develop a theory of confluence of graphs. We describe an algorithm for proving that a given system of reduction rules for abstract graphs and graphs in surfaces is locally confluent. We apply this algorithm to show that each simple Lie…
For a given spatial graph $\mathcal{G} \subset \mathbb{R}^3$, we would like to find a closed orientable surface $\mathcal{S}$ embedded in $\mathbb{R}^3$ in which $\mathcal{G}$ is cellular embedded. However, for general $\mathcal{G}$ this is…
We give two presentations for bordisms of $S^2$ in the 3-dimensional oriented bordism category $\operatorname{Cob}(3) $, encoding the algebraic structures on $S^2$. After passing through topological field theories, we define two kinds of…
Spatial networks are networks whose graph topology is constrained by their embedded spatial space. Understanding the coupled spatial-graph properties is crucial for extracting powerful representations from spatial networks. Therefore,…
By a regular embedding of a graph K in a surface we mean a 2-cell embedding of K in a compact connected surface such that the automorphism group acts regularly on flags. In this paper, we classify the nonorientable regular embeddings of the…
In this paper, following Sullivan, Kusner, and Schmitt, we study conformal immersions of Riemann surfaces into the three-dimensional Euclidean space. Regarding such immersions as special bundle maps from the tangent bundle of the surface to…
Spin systems with frustrated anisotropic interactions are of significant interest due to possible exotic ground states. We have explored their phase diagram on a nearest-neighbor triangular lattice using the density-matrix renormalization…
Satisfying spin-assignments in triangulations of a surface are states of minimum energy of the antiferromagnetic Ising model on triangulations which correspond (via geometric duality) to perfect matchings in cubic bridgeless graphs. In this…
Scaffolds are certain tensors arising in the study of association schemes, and have been (implicitly) understood diagrammatically as digraphs with distinguished "root" nodes and with matrix edge weights, often taken from Bose-Mesner…
A quadrangular embedding of a graph in a surface $\Sigma$, also known as a quadrangulation of $\Sigma$, is a cellular embedding in which every face is bounded by a $4$-cycle. A quadrangulation of $\Sigma$ is minimal if there is no…
Networks embedded in space can display all sorts of transitions when their structure is modified. The nature of these transitions (and in some cases crossovers) can differ from the usual appearance of a giant component as observed for the…
Let M be an oriented compact 3-manifold and let T be a (loose) triangulation of M, with ideal vertices at the components of the boundary of M and possibly internal vertices. We show that any spin structure s on M can be encoded by extra…
We present a novel hierarchical construction of projective spin networks of the Ponzano-Regge type from an assembling of five quadrangles up to the combinatorial 4-simplex compatible with a geometrical realization in Euclidean 4-space. The…
We address various topologies (de Bruijn, chordal ring, generalized Petersen, meshes) in various ways ( isometric embedding, embedding up to scale, embedding up to a distance) in a hypercube or a half-hypercube. Example of obtained…
The classical theorem of F\'{a}ry states that every planar graph can be represented by an embedding in which every edge is represented by a straight line segment. We consider generalizations of F\'{a}ry's theorem to surfaces equipped with…