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Distributional and neural approaches to natural language semantics have been built almost exclusively on conventional linear algebra: vectors, matrices, tensors, and the operations that accompany them. These methods have achieved remarkable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-29 James Pustejovsky

This article provides a pedagogically oriented introduction to geometric (Clifford) calculus on pseudo-Riemannian manifolds. Unlike usual approaches to the topic, which rely on embedding the geometric algebra either within a tensor algebra…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2021-09-16 Joseph C. Schindler

Despite the fact that General Relativity (GR) has been very successful, many alternative theories of gravity have attracted the attention of a significant number of theoretical physicists. Among these theories, we have theories with…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-05-14 J. B. Formiga

Real algebraic geometry adapts the methods and ideas from (complex) algebraic geometry to study the real solutions to systems of polynomial equations and polynomial inequalities. As it is the real solutions to such systems modeling…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2016-06-13 Frank Sottile

The set theory relations \in, \backslash, \Delta, \cap, and \cup have corollaries in subspace relations. Geometric Algebra is introduced as the ideal framework to explore these subspace operations. The relations \in, \backslash, and \Delta…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2007-05-23 T. A. Bouma , L. Dorst , H. G. J. Pijls

A tutorial introduction to projective geometric algebra (PGA), a modern, coordinate-free framework for doing euclidean geometry. PGA features: uniform representation of points, lines, and planes; robust, parallel-safe join and meet…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2020-08-19 Charles G. Gunn

By recasting metrical geometry in a purely algebraic setting, both Euclidean and non-Euclidean geometries can be studied over a general field with an arbitrary quadratic form. Both an affine and a projective version of this new theory are…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Norman J. Wildberger

The Clifford algebra of a n-dimensional Euclidean vector space provides a general language comprising vectors, complex numbers, quaternions, Grassman algebra, Pauli and Dirac matrices. In this work, we present an introduction to the main…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2018-01-23 G. Aragon-Camarasa , G. Aragon-Gonzalez , J. L. Aragon , M. A. Rodriguez-Andrade

This is a simple way rigorously to construct Grassmann, Clifford and Geometric Algebras, allowing degenerate bilinear forms, infinite dimension, using fields or certain modules (characteristic 2 with limitation) - and characterize the…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2010-11-17 Allan Cortzen

The Geometric Algebra Transformer (GATr) is a versatile architecture for geometric deep learning based on projective geometric algebra. We generalize this architecture into a blueprint that allows one to construct a scalable transformer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Pim de Haan , Taco Cohen , Johann Brehmer

Geometric number systems, obtained by extending the real number system to include new anticommuting square roots of +1 and -1, provide a royal road to higher mathematics by largely sidestepping the tedious languages of tensor analysis and…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2017-07-21 Garret Sobczyk

We propose Geometric Clifford Algebra Networks (GCANs) for modeling dynamical systems. GCANs are based on symmetry group transformations using geometric (Clifford) algebras. We first review the quintessence of modern (plane-based) geometric…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-30 David Ruhe , Jayesh K. Gupta , Steven de Keninck , Max Welling , Johannes Brandstetter

Based on the distinction between the covariant and contravariant metric tensor components in the framework of the affine geometry approach and also on the choice of the contravariant components, it was shown that a wide variety of third,…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-11-06 Bogdan G. Dimitrov

The real number system is geometrically extended to include three new anticommuting square roots of plus one, each such root representing the direction of a unit vector along the orthonormal coordinate axes of Euclidean 3-space. The…

General Physics · Physics 2015-09-09 Garret Sobczyk

A Geometric programming (GP) is a type of mathematical problem characterized by objective and constraint functions that have a special form. Many methods have been developed to solve large scale engineering design GP problems. In this paper…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2009-12-10 Dr. A. K. Ojha , K. K. Biswal

General relativity can be presented in terms of other geometries besides Riemannian. In particular, teleparallel geometry (i.e., curvature vanishes) has some advantages, especially concerning energy-momentum localization and its…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 J. M. Nester , H-J Yo

We discuss the relation between the q-number approach to quantum mechanics suggested by Dirac and the notion of "pregeometry" introduced by Wheeler. By associating the q-numbers with the elements of an algebra and regarding the primitive…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 D. J. Bohm , P. G. Davies , B. J. Hiley

In this paper I present a kind of proof for classical Euclidean geometric problems which relies on both synthetic and analytic geometry. Using the elementary tools of polynomial algebra and multivariate calculus we manage to reduce the…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2020-05-05 Davide Antonio Nello Maran

This paper explores formalizing Geometric (or Clifford) algebras into the Lean 3 theorem prover, building upon the substantial body of work that is the Lean mathematics library, mathlib. As we use Lean source code to demonstrate many of our…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-04-20 Eric Wieser , Utensil Song

This is a survey article on real algebra and geometry, and in particular on its recent applications in optimization and convexity. We first introduce basic notions and results from the classical theory. We then explain how these relate to…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2016-06-24 Tim Netzer