Related papers: The first law for slowly evolving horizons
It is argued that the spatial homogeneity of the early universe need not be explained as having evolved from a previous inhomogeneous state. Rather, a homogeneous cosmic initial condition follows from the Second Law of Thermodynamics…
A property well known as the first law of black hole is a relation among infinitesimal variations of parameters of stationary black holes. We consider a dynamical version of the first law, which may be called the first law of black hole…
According to general relativity, trapping surfaces and horizons are classical causal structures that arise in systems with sharply defined energy and corresponding gravitational radius. The latter concept can be extended to a quantum…
A condition is defined which determines if a supertranslation is induced in the course of a general evolution from one isolated horizon phase to another via a dynamical horizon. This condition fixes preferred slices on an isolated horizon…
The dynamics of particle, event, and apparent horizons in FLRW space are discussed. The apparent horizon is trapping when the Ricci curvature is positive. This simple criterion coincides with the condition for the Kodama-Hayward apparent…
The formulation of Weak Isolated Horizons (WIH) based on the Isolated Horizon formulation of black hole horizons is reconsidered. The first part of the paper deals with the derivation of laws of mechanics of a WIH. While the zeroth law…
General laws of black-hole dynamics, some of which are analogous to the laws of thermodynamics, have recently been found for a general definition of black hole in terms of a future outer trapping horizon, a hypersurface foliated by marginal…
Black holes can be practically located (e.g. in numerical simulations) by trapping horizons, hypersurfaces foliated by marginal surfaces, and one desires physically sound measures of their mass and angular momentum. A generically unique…
Relations between the tunneling rate and the unified first law of thermodynamics at the apparent horizon of the FRW universe are investigated. The tunneling rate arises as a consequence of the unified first law of thermodynamics in such a…
As a simple but important example of dynamical black hole, we analysis the dynamical black hole in $n$-dimensional Vaidya spacetime in detail. We investigated the thermodynamics of field equation in $n$-dimensional Vaidya spacetime. The…
In the context of thermodynamics applied to our cosmological apparent horizon, we explicit in greater details our previous work which established the Friedmann Equations from projection of Hayward's Unified First Law. In particular, we show…
Slowly evolving horizons are trapping horizons that are "almost" isolated horizons. This paper reviews their definition and discusses several spacetimes containing such structures. These include certain Vaidya and Tolman-Bondi solutions as…
The system of equations of one-dimensional shallow water over uneven bottom in Euler's and Lagrange's variables is considered. Intermediate system of equations is introduced. Hydrodynamic conservation laws of intermediate system of…
We formulate an analogue transverse first law for general closed marginally trapped surfaces in arbitrary spacetimes. The construction is intrinsically quasi-local and is attached directly to an individual marginally trapped surface, rather…
Recently a multidimensional generalization of Isolated Horizon framework has been proposed by Lewandowski and Pawlowski (gr-qc/0410146). Therein the geometric description was easily generalized to higher dimensions and the structure of the…
We apply the holographic principle and the equipartition law of energy to the apparent horizon of a Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universe and derive the Friedmann equation describing the dynamics of the universe. We also show that the…
Recently Hollands, Wald and Zhang proposed a new formula for the entropy of a dynamical black hole. We lift this construction to the dynamical cosmological event horizon of an asymptotically de Sitter spacetime. By introducing a nontrivial…
A unified first law of black-hole dynamics and relativistic thermodynamics is derived in spherically symmetric general relativity. This equation expresses the gradient of the active gravitational energy E according to the Einstein equation,…
We derive from Einstein equation an evolution law for the area of a trapping or dynamical horizon. The solutions to this differential equation show a causal behavior. Moreover, in a viscous fluid analogy, the equation can be interpreted as…
Boundary conditions defining a generic isolated horizon are introduced. They generalize the notion available in the existing literature by allowing the horizon to have distortion and angular momentum. Space-times containing a black hole,…