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With a laser interferometric gravitational-wave detector in separate free flying spacecraft, the only way to achieve detection is to mitigate the dominant noise arising from the frequency fluctuations of the lasers via postprocessing. The…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-04-27 Quentin Baghi , John Baker , Jacob Slutsky , James Ira Thorpe

The proposed Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) mission is tasked with the detection and characterization of gravitational waves from various sources in the universe. This endeavor is challenged by transient displacement and…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-05-21 Niklas Houba , Luigi Ferraioli , Domenico Giardini

The LISA mission is a space interferometer aiming at the detection of gravitational waves in the [$10^{-4}$,$10^{-1}$] Hz frequency band. In order to reach the gravitational wave detection level, a Time Delay Interferometry (TDI) method…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 S. Pireaux

Space-borne interferometric gravitational-wave detectors, sensitive in the low-frequency (mHz) band, will fly in the next decade. In these detectors, the spacecraft-to-spacecraft light-travel times will necessarily be unequal and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 Massimo Tinto , Michele Vallisneri , J. W. Armstrong

Arm locking is a technique that has been proposed for reducing laser frequency fluctuations in the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA), a gravitational-wave observatory sensitive in the milliHertz frequency band. Arm locking takes…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-06-13 James Ira Thorpe , Peiman Maghami , Jeffrey Livas

Space-borne interferometric gravitational wave detectors, sensitive in the low-frequency (millihertz) band, will fly in the next decade. In these detectors the spacecraft-to-spacecraft light-travel-times will necessarily be unequal,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 Massimo Tinto , Frank B. Estabrook , adn J. W. Armstrong

We anticipate noise from the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) will exhibit nonstationarities throughout the duration of its mission due to factors such as antenna repointing, cyclostationarities from spacecraft motion, and glitches…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-10-29 Matthew C. Edwards , Patricio Maturana-Russel , Renate Meyer , Jonathan Gair , Natalia Korsakova , Nelson Christensen

The current planned space-based gravitational-wave detectors require a bidirectional optical connection, referred to as Backlink, between two adjacent optical benches to provide a mutual phase reference for the local interferometric…

The LISA Pathfinder mission to space employs an optical metrology system (OMS) at its core to measure the distance and attitude between two freely floating test-masses to picometer and nanorad accuracy, respectively, within the measurement…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2013-08-01 Gerald Hechenblaikner , Reinhold Flatscher

Space-based gravitational wave detectors based on the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) design operate by synthesizing one or more interferometers from fringe velocity measurements generated by changes in the light travel time…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2013-06-17 Karan P. Jani , Lee Samuel Finn , Matthew J. Benacquista

We describe an optical bench in which we lock the relative frequencies or phases of a set of three lasers in order to use them in a cold atoms interferometry experiment. As a new feature, the same two lasers serve alternately to cool atoms…

We report on the design, implementation and characterization of fully digital control loops for laser frequency stabilization, differential phase-locking and performance optimization of the optical metrology system on-board the LISA…

The success of LISA Pathfinder in demonstrating the LISA drag-free requirement paved the road of using space missions for detecting low-frequency and middle-frequency GWs. The new LISA GW mission proposes to use arm length of 2.5 Gm (1 Gm =…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-06-26 Gang Wang , Wei-Tou Ni

The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) will operate as an AM/FM receiver for gravitational waves. For binary systems, the source location, orientation and orbital phase are encoded in the amplitude and frequency modulation. The same…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Neil J. Cornish , Shane L. Larson

Time-delay interferometry (TDI) suppresses laser frequency noise by forming linear combinations of time-shifted interferometric measurements. The time-shift operation is implemented by interpolating discretely sampled data. To enable…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-06-16 Martin Staab , Jean-Baptiste Bayle , Olaf Hartwig , Aurélien Hees , Marc Lilley , Graham Woan , Peter Wolf

The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA), an ESA L-class mission, is designed to detect gravitational waves in the millihertz frequency band, with operations expected to begin in the next decade. LISA will enable studies of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-12-31 Niklas Houba , Jean-Baptiste Bayle , Michele Vallisneri

The Laser Interferometer Lunar Antenna (LILA) presents a novel concept for observing gravitational waves from astrophysical sources at sub-Hertz frequencies. Compared to the Earth, the seismic environment of the moon, while uncertain, is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-12-15 Brett N. Shapiro

Raw space-based gravitational-wave data like LISA's phase measurements are dominated by laser frequency noise. The standard technique to make this data usable for science is time-delay interferometry (TDI), which cancels laser noise terms…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-04-12 Quentin Baghi , John G. Baker , Jacob Slutsky , James Ira Thorpe

Laser frequency stabilization is notably one of the major challenges on the way to a space-borne gravitational wave observatory. The proposed Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) is presently under development in an ESA, NASA…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-25 Markus Herz

The planned Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) will detect gravitational wave signals from a wide range of sources. However, disentangling individual signals from the source-dominated data stream is a challenging problem and the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-11-15 Jonathan R Gair , Gareth Jones