Related papers: Critical phenomena in gravitational collapse (Phys…
We present a general framework to study the phase transition of a black hole. Assuming that there is a phase transition, it is shown that without invoking any specific black hole, the critical exponents and the scaling powers can be…
In this paper, we prove that extremal black holes arise on the threshold of gravitational collapse. More precisely, we construct smooth one-parameter families of smooth, spherically symmetric solutions to the Einstein-Maxwell-Vlasov system…
We numerically investigate the threshold of black-hole formation in the gravitational collapse of electromagnetic waves in axisymmetry. We find approximate power-law scaling $\rho_{\rm max}\sim (\eta_*-\eta)^{-2\gamma}$ of the maximum…
Numerical studies of the gravitational collapse of a stiff (P=rho) fluid have found the now familiar critical phenomena, namely scaling of the black hole mass with a critical exponent and continuous self-similarity at the threshold of black…
We report on numerical simulations of critical phenomena near the threshold of black hole formation in the collapse of axisymmetric gravitational waves in vacuum. We discuss several new features of our numerical treatment, and then compare…
We investigate the threshold of gravitational collapse with angular momentum, under the assumption that the critical solution is spherical and self-similar and has two growing modes, namely one spherical mode and one axial dipole mode…
Starting from the Oppenheimer-Snyder model, we know how in classical general relativity the gravitational collapse of matter form a black hole with a central spacetime singularity. It is widely believed that the singularity must be removed…
We investigate the dynamics of black hole critical collapse in the limit of a large number of spacetime dimensions, $D$. In particular, we study the spherical gravitational collapse of a massless, scale-invariant scalar field with…
In the gravitational collapse of matter beyond spherical symmetry, gravitational waves are necessarily present. On the other hand, gravitational waves can collapse to a black hole even without matter. One might therefore wonder whether the…
We study critical phenomena in the gravitational collapse of a radiation fluid. We perform numerical simulations in both spherical symmetry and axisymmetry, and observe critical scaling in both supercritical evolutions, which lead to the…
In the gravitational collapse of matter beyond spherical symmetry, gravitational waves are necessarily present. On the other hand, gravitational waves can collapse to a black hole even without matter. One might therefore wonder how the…
We present results of numerical simulations of the formation of black holes from the gravitational collapse of a massless, minimally-coupled scalar field in 2+1 dimensional, axially-symmetric, anti de-Sitter (AdS) spacetime. The geometry…
The recent discovery of critical phenomena arising in gravitational collapse near the threshold of black hole formation is used to estimate the initial mass function of primordial black holes (PBHs). It is argued that the universal scaling…
The problem of the event horizon in relativistic gravity is discussed. Singular solutions in general relativity are well known. The Schwarschild metric of a spherical mass is singular at zero ($r = 0$) and at the event horizon ($r = r_g$).…
Recently, there has been an interest in exploring black holes that are regular in the sense that the central curvature singularity is avoided. Here, we depict a method to obtain a regular black hole (RBH) spacetime from the unhindered…
Studying the threshold of black hole formation via numerical evolution has led to the discovery of fascinating nonlinear phenomena. Power-law mass scaling, aspects of universality, and self-similarity have now been found for a large variety…
We investigate the gravitational collapse of a spherically symmetric, perfect fluid with equation of state P = (Gamma -1)rho. We restrict attention to the ultrarelativistic (``kinetic-energy-dominated'', ``scale-free'') limit where black…
Following on after three previous papers discussing the formation of primordial black holes during the radiative era of the early universe, we present here a further investigation of the critical nature of the process involved, aimed at…
We present results from the first fully relativistic simulations of the critical collapse of rotating radiation fluids. We observe critical scaling both in subcritical evolutions, in which case the fluid disperses to infinity and leaves…
Fundamental fields are a natural outcome in cosmology and particle physics and might therefore serve as a proxy for more complex interactions. The equivalence principle implies that all forms of matter gravitate, and one therefore expects…