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A broadband multidimensional variational measurement allows overcoming the Standard Quantum Limit (SQL) of a classical mechanical force detection for a mechanical oscillator. In this measurement quantum back action, which perturbs the…

The Standard Quantum Limit in continuous monitoring of a system is given by the trade-off of shot noise and back-action noise. In gravitational-wave detectors, such as Advanced LIGO, both contributions can simultaneously be squeezed in a…

It has long been thought that the sensitivity of laser interferometric gravitational-wave detectors is limited by the free-mass standard quantum limit, unless radical redesigns of the interferometers or modifications of their input/output…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-07 Alessandra Buonanno , Yanbei Chen

In the last decade, the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) and the European Virgo observatory have opened a new observational window on the universe. These cavity-enhanced laser interferometers sense spacetime…

We derive a quantum limit to the sensitivity of laser interferometric gravitational-wave detectors from optical-loss-induced dissipation, analogous to the sensitivity limit from the mechanical dissipation. It applies universally to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-03 Haixing Miao , Nicolas D. Smith , Matthew Evans

We analyze the radiation pressure induced interaction of mirror motion and light fields in Michelson-type interferometers used for the detection of gravitational waves and for fundamental research in table-top quantum optomechanical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-08-03 Farid Ya. Khalili , Sergey P. Tarabrin , Roman Schnabel , Klemens Hammerer

We demonstrate that speedmeter, based on double pumped resonant Sagnac interferometer, can be used as a displacement noise free gravitational-wave (GW) detector. The displacement noise of cavity mirrors can be completely excluded through a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-08-27 Sergey P. Vyatchanin

Thanks to common-mode noise rejection, differential configurations are crucial for realistic applications of phase and frequency estimation with atom interferometers. Currently, differential protocols with uncorrelated particles and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-05 Robin Corgier , Marco Malitesta , Augusto Smerzi , Luca Pezzè

Using a network of seismometers and sets of optimal filters, we implemented a feed-forward control technique to minimize the seismic contribution to multiple interferometric degrees of freedom of the LIGO interferometers. The filters are…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2013-05-21 Ryan DeRosa , Jennifer C Driggers , Dani Atkinson , Haixing Miao , Valery Frolov , Michael Landry , Joseph Giaime , Rana X. Adhikari

It is shown in the present Letter that the quantum noise due to high laser intensities in Michelson interferometer for gravitational waves detection can be reduced by sending squeezed vacuum states to the 'dark' port of the interferometer.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-05-27 Yacob Ben-Aryeh

We present the first experimental implementation of a polarization-circulation speed meter. In our experiment, the interferometer was reduced to a single-cavity configuration with all mirrors fixed. A green-locking scheme was employed to…

Interferometric gravitational wave detectors are devoted to pick up the effect induced on masses by gravitational waves. The variations of the length dividing two mirrors is measured through a laser interferometric technique. The Brownian…

Classical Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 Giseppe Curci , Erika D'Ambrosio

LIGO, the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory, has been designed and constructed to measure gravitational wave strain via differential arm length. The LIGO 4-km Michelson arms with Fabry-Perot cavities have auxiliary length…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-04-28 Grant David Meadors , Keita Kawabe , Keith Riles

With the use of twin, co-located, 3D interferometers, Cardiff University's Gravity Exploration Institute aims to observe quantum fluctuations of space-time as predicted by some theories of quantum gravity. Our design displacement…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-05-21 William L. Griffiths , Lorenzo Aiello , Aldo Ejlli , Alasdair L. James , Sander M. Vermeulen , Katherine L. Dooley , Hartmut Grote

Proposed near-future upgrades of the current advanced interferometric gravitational wave detectors include the usage of frequency dependent squeezed light to reduce the current sensitivity-limiting quantum noise. We quantify and describe…

Gravitational waves have predominantly been detected using interferometric techniques, with standard approaches limited to 10 kHz and with modern advancements extending this bound to 300 kHz. To explore the largely uncharted…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-05-01 Eduard Atonga , Ramy Aboushelbaya , Peter A. Norreys

Direct observations of gravitational waves at frequencies below 10 Hz will play crucial roles for fully exploiting the potential of gravitational wave astronomy. One approach to pursue this direction is the utilization of laser…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-04-03 Kiwamu Izumi , Masa-Katsu Fujimoto

Current laser-interferometric gravitational wave detectors suffer from a fundamental limit to their precision due to the displacement noise of optical elements contributed by various sources. Several schemes for Displacement-Noise Free…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-17 Tuvia Gefen , Rajashik Tarafder , Rana X. Adhikari , Yanbei Chen

Quantum fluctuation of light limits the sensitivity of advanced laser interferometric gravitational-wave detectors. It is one of the principal obstacles on the way towards the next-generation gravitational-wave observatories. The envisioned…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-05-08 Stefan L. Danilishin , Farid Ya. Khalili , Haixing Miao

Recent advances in quantum sensing -- optical clocks at $5.5\times 10^{-19}$ systematic uncertainty, frequency-dependent squeezing below the standard quantum limit, quantum magnetometers approaching fundamental sensitivity limits -- raise a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-10 Sergio Gaudio
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