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We present a review of the two prominent singularity theorems due to Penrose and Hawking, as well as their physical interpretation. Their usage is discussed in detail for the Schwarzschild spacetime with positive and negative mass. First,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-01-31 Servando V. Serdio , Hernando Quevedo

This article presents a streamlined version of the author's original proof of the $C^0$-inextendibility of the maximal analytic Schwarzschild spacetime. Firstly, we deviate from the original proof by using the result, recently established…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-03-14 Jan Sbierski

To investigate whether the Universe underwent a singularity or maintained a nonsingular state, we carry out analytical and numerical analyses of the evolution of the Raychaudhuri equations in vacuum, alongside homogeneous and nonhomogeneous…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-06-11 A. Tawfik , S. G. Elgendi , M. Hanafy

In this paper we obtain the energy distribution associated with the Ernst space-time (geometry describing Schwarzschild black hole in Melvin's magnetic universe) in Einstein's prescription. The first term is the rest-mass energy of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-12-28 S. S. Xulu

We use the phenomenological approach to study properties of space-time in the vicinity of the Schwarzschild black-hole singularity. Requiring finiteness of the Schwarzschild-like metrics we come to the notion of integrable singularity that…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-01-24 Vladimir N. Lukash , Vladimir N. Strokov

In the standard Einstein's theory the exterior gravitational field of any static and axially symmetric stellar object can be described by means of a single function from which we obtain a metric into a four-dimensional space-time. In this…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-02-19 J. L. Hernández-Pastora

The formulation of gravity theory is considered where space-time is a 4-dimensional surface in flat ten-dimensional space. The possibility of using the "external" time (the time of ambient space) in this approach is investigated. The…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-09-07 S. A. Paston , E. N. Semenova

The braneworlds models were inspired partly by Kaluza-Klein's theory, where both the gravitational and the gauge fields are obtained from the geometry of a higher dimensional space. The positive aspects of these models consist in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-02-18 Edmundo M. Monte

We resolve the entire gravitational field;i.e. the Riemann curvature into its electric and magnetic parts. In general, the vacuum Einstein equation is symmetric in active and passive electric parts. However it turns out that the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Naresh Dadhich

We find a specific coordinate system that goes from the Painlev\'e-Gullstrand partial extension to the Kruskal-Szekeres maximal extension and thus exhibit the maximal extension of the Schwarzschild metric in a unified picture. We do this by…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-11-01 José P. S. Lemos , Diogo L. F. G. Silva

The geometry of three-dimensional space guides the search for a better model than the blackhole with its unwelcome singularity. An elementary construction produces on the 4-manifold of 2-spheres in a Riemannian 3-space a space-time metric…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Homer G. Ellis

It is shown, that the conventional presentation of the Maxwell equations for the electromagnetic field in the Riemannian space-time appears to be problematic. The reason of hesitations is the fact, that a solution of the Maxwell equations…

General Physics · Physics 2008-12-16 Yuri A. Rylov

Recent proposals suggested quantum clock interferometry for tests of the Einstein equivalence principle. However, atom interferometric models often include relativistic effects only in an ad hoc fashion. Here, instead, we start from the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-03-05 Gregor Janson , Richard Lopp

We discuss the gravitational self-force on a particle in a black hole space-time. For a point particle, the full (bare) self-force diverges. The metric perturbation induced by a particle can be divided into two parts, the direct part (or…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-09 Wataru Hikida , Hiroyuki Nakano , Misao Sasaki

The space time that is used in relativistic Quantum Mechanics and Quantum Field Theory is the Minkowski space time. Yet, as pointed out by several scholars this classical space time is incompatible with the Heisenberg Uncertainity…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 B. G. Sidharth

In General Relativity, Birkhoff's theorem asserts that any spherically symmetric vacuum solution must be static and asymptotically flat. In this paper, we study the validity of Birkhoff's theorem for a broad class of modified gravity…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-11-07 Rajes Ghosh , Akash K Mishra , Avijit Chowdhury

Formal solutions of any-order mass, angular-momentum, dipole perturbations on the Schwarzschild background spacetime are derived in a gauge-invariant manner. Once we accept the proposal in [K. Nakamura, Class. Quantum Grav. {\bf 38} (2021),…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-11-02 Kouji Nakamura

The Weiss variation of the Einstein-Hilbert action with an appropriate boundary term has been studied for general boundary surfaces; the boundary surfaces can be spacelike, timelike, or null. To achieve this we introduce an auxiliary…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-07-20 Justin C. Feng , Sumanta Chakraborty

It is known that the standard Schwarzschild interior metric is conformally flat and generates a constant density sphere in any spacetime dimension in Einstein and Einstein--Gauss--Bonnet gravity. This motivates the questions: In EGB does…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-02-12 Sudan Hansraj , Megandhren Govender , Ayan Banerjee , Njabulo Mkhize

An original way of presentation of the Schwarzschild black hole in the form of a point-like mass with making the use of the Dirac $\delta$-function, including a description of a continuous collapse to such a point mass, is given. A…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-12-29 A. N. Petrov
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