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We show that, apart from the usual area operator of non-perturbative quantum gravity, there exists another, closely related, operator that measures areas of surfaces. Both corresponding classical expressions yield the area. Quantum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-04-06 Kirill Krasnov

A phenomenology for the deep spatial geometry of loop quantum gravity is introduced. In the context of a simple model, an atom of space, it is shown how purely combinatorial structures can affect observations. The angle operator is used to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-21 Seth A. Major

In any attempt to build a quantum theory of gravity, a central issue is to unravel the structure of space-time at the smallest scale. Of particular relevance is the possible definition of coordinate functions within the theory and the study…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Alejandro Corichi , Jose A. Zapata

2+1 gravity coupled to a massless scalar field has an initial singularity when the spatial slices are compact. The quantized model is used here to investigate several issues of quantum gravity. The spectrum of the volume operator is studied…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Pierri

The purpose of this contribution is to give an introduction to quantum geometry and loop quantum gravity for a wide audience of both physicists and mathematicians. From a physical point of view the emphasis will be on conceptual issues…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2011-04-11 J. Fernando Barbero G.

We investigate some properties of geometric operators in canonical quantum gravity in the connection approach \`a la Ashtekar, which are associated with volume, area and length of spatial regions. We motivate the construction of analogous…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-28 R. Loll

Based on a recent purely geometric construction of observables for the spatial diffeomorphism constraint, we propose two distinct quantum reductions to spherical symmetry within full 3+1-dimensional loop quantum gravity. The construction of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-28 Norbert Bodendorfer , Jerzy Lewandowski , Jedrzej Świeżewski

We summarize recent developments at the interface of quantum gravity and quantum information, and discuss applications to the quantum geometry of space in loop quantum gravity. In particular, we describe the notions of link entanglement,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-08-23 Eugenio Bianchi , Etera R. Livine

The precise analog of the theta-quantization ambiguity of Yang-Mills theory exists for the real SU(2) connection formulation of general relativity. As in the former case theta labels representations of large gauge transformations, which are…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Danilo Jimenez Rezende , Alejandro Perez

We study the distribution of the eigenvalues of the area operator in loop quantum gravity concentrating on the part of the spectrum relevant for isolated horizons. We first show that the approximations relying on integer partitions are not…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-02-15 J. Fernando Barbero , Juan Margalef-Bentabol , Eduardo J. S. Villaseñor

In a previous article we have introduced an operator representing the three-dimensional scalar curvature in loop quantum gravity. In this article we examine the new curvature operator in the setting of quantum-reduced loop gravity. We…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-12-03 Jerzy Lewandowski , Ilkka Mäkinen

This is the second paper in the series to introduce a graphical method to loop quantum gravity. We employ the graphical method as a powerful tool to calculate the actions of the Euclidean Hamiltonian constraint operator and the so-called…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-02-25 Jinsong Yang , Yongge Ma

We study quantum and classical systems associated with the quantum corner symmetry group $\mathrm{QCS}=\widetilde{\mathrm{SL}}(2,\mathbb{R})\ltimes \mathrm{H}_3,$ which arises in the context of quantum gravity. We relate quantum observables…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-03-03 Ludovic Varrin

Using spin 1/2 particle elastic scattering on a fixed target, in a 1/|x| potential on Euclidean metric, a minimum scattering cross section appears from the spin contribution. Interpreted as semi-classical limit of an earlier proposed…

General Physics · Physics 2008-12-02 Jens Köplinger

We use the recently introduced U(N) framework for loop quantum gravity to study the dynamics of spin network states on the simplest class of graphs: two vertices linked with an arbitrary number N of edges. Such graphs represent two regions,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-03-28 Enrique F. Borja , Jacobo Diaz-Polo , Iñaki Garay , Etera R. Livine

Two sets of spatially diffeomorphism invariant operators are constructed in the loop representation formulation of quantum gravity. This is done by coupling general relativity to an anti- symmetric tensor gauge field and using that field to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-22 Lee Smolin

The framework of quantum symmetry reduction is applied to loop quantum gravity with respect to transitively acting symmetry groups. This allows to test loop quantum gravity in a large class of minisuperspaces and to investigate its features…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-11-19 Martin Bojowald

A quantum-mechanical system comes naturally equipped with a convex space: each (Hermitian) operator has a (real) expectation value, and the expectation value of the square any Hermitian operator must be non-negative. This space is of…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2025-02-05 Scott Lawrence

We discuss the action of the configuration operators of loop quantum gravity. In particular, we derive the generalised eigenbasis for the Wilson loop operator and show that the transformation between this basis and the spin-network basis is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Matthias Arnsdorf

We describe a deformation of the observable algebra of quantum gravity in which the loop algebra is extended to framed loops. This allows an alternative nonperturbative quantization which is suitable for describing a phase of quantum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-09-25 Seth Major , Lee Smolin