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The field equations of a generalized $f(R)$ type gravity model, in which there is an arbitrary coupling between matter and geometry, are obtained. The equations of motion for test particles are derived from a variational principle in the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-05-26 T. Harko

Electromagnetic waves propagating in the background provided by a spacetime hosting a strong curvature, naked singularity, are fully studied. The analysis is performed not only in the realm of geometrical optics -- which, not surprisingly,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-04-25 Franco Fiorini , Santiago Hernandez , Juan Manuel Paez

Light is the richest information retriever for most physical systems, particularly so for astronomy and cosmology, in which gravitation is of paramount importance, and also for solid state defects and metamaterials, in which some effects…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-04-03 Lucas T. Santana , Maurício O. Calvão , Ribamar R. R. Reis , Beatriz B. Siffert

We consider the evolution of electromagnetic fields in curved spacetimes and calculate the exact wave equations of the associated electric and magnetic components. Our analysis is fully covariant, applies to a general spacetime and isolates…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 Christos G. Tsagas

The basic laws of geometrical optics can be deduced from energy-momentum conservation for electromagnetic waves, without other wave concepts. However, the concept of quanta is required; it arises naturally, hence such a hypothesis could…

Physics Education · Physics 2007-05-23 John P. Hernandez

According to several authors, gravity might be a long-wavelength phenomenon emerging in some 'hydrodynamic limit' from the same physical, flat-space vacuum viewed as a form of superfluid medium. In this framework, light might propagate in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-14 M. Consoli , L. Pappalardo

We analyze an experiment in which a thin wire is scanned across the overlap of two in phase photon beams. We find that unless the wire induces the formation of an interference pattern, the complementarity inequality is violated. Quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-11 Eduardo V. Flores

Exact plane gravitational radiation fields are presented within the framework of general relativity and their properties are described. The physics of nonlinear elliptically polarized plane gravitational waves is developed in close analogy…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-05-14 Masoud Molaei , Shant Baghram , Bahram Mashhoon

We consider a moving refractive index perturbation in an optical medium as an optical analogue to waves under the influence of gravity. We describe the dielectric medium by the Lagrangian of the Hopfield model. We supplement the field…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-05 Maxime J Jacquet , Friedrich Koenig

Linearized general relativity admits a formulation in terms of gravitoelectric and gravitomagnetic fields that closely parallels the description of the electromagnetic field by Maxwell's equations. For steady mass currents, this formalism…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-07-01 John Swain

There is ongoing interest in adopting various tools and ideas from general relativity for optical applications and the study of light propagation through natural or engineered media. Here, the covariant kinematics of light propagating…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-11-15 Robert T. Thompson , Mohsen Fathi

Using the weak field approximation, we can express the theory of general relativity in a Maxwell-type structure comparable to electromagnetism. We find that every electromagnetic field is coupled to a gravitoelectric and gravitomagnetic…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Tajmar , C. de Matos

We show that if the visible universe is a membrane embedded in a higher-dimensional space, particles in uniform motion radiate gravitational waves because of spacetime lumpiness. This phenomenon is analogous to the electromagnetic…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Vitor Cardoso , Marco Cavaglia , Mario Pimenta

The present work shows that through a suitable change of variables relativistic dynamics can be mapped to light propagation in a non-homogeneous medium. A particle's trajectory through the modified space-time is thus formally equivalent to…

Optics · Physics 2007-05-23 J. B. Almeida

Propagation of coherent light in a Kerr nonlinear medium can be mapped onto a flow of an equivalent fluid. Here we use this mapping to model the conditions in the vicinity of a rotating black hole as a Laguerre-Gauss vortex beam. We…

We firstly revisit the importance, naturalness and limitations of the so-called optical metrics for describing the propagation of light rays in the limit of geometric optics. We then exemplify their flexibility and nontriviality in some…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-11-17 Eduardo Bittencourt , Jonas P. Pereira , Igor Smolyaninov , Vera N. Smolyaninova

The hypothesis of an alternative way of obtaining gravitational waves is the physical motivation of this article. Using the linear field approximation and a symmetry transformation of the affine connection, new field equations and new gauge…

General Physics · Physics 2022-09-14 Sergio Giardino

Einstein's General Theory of Relativity predicts that accelerating mass distributions produce gravitational radiation, analogous to electromagnetic radiation from accelerating charges. These gravitational waves have not been directly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-13 Roman Schnabel , Nergis Mavalvala , David E. McClelland , Ping Koy Lam

The trajectory of light rays propagating through a nonuniformly moving anisotropic medium is determined by considering the Fresnel drag experienced by the wave at each point along the ray. By showing that symmetries in the velocity field…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2025-12-02 Julien Langlois , Renaud Gueroult

The propagation of electromagnetic waves is investigated in the context of the isotropic and nonlinear dielectric media at rest in the eikonal limit of the geometrical optics. Taking into account the functional dependence…

Optics · Physics 2016-04-08 Dante D. Pereira , Baltazar J. Ribeiro , Bruno Gonçalves