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Under certain conditions, we give a new way to prove the uniqueness of static black hole in higher dimensional asymptotically flat spacetimes. In the proof, the Penrose inequality plays a key role in higher dimensions as well as four…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-05-29 Ryosuke Mizuno , Seiju Ohashi , Tetsuya Shiromizu

A variational principle is applied to 4D Euclidean space provided with a tensor refractive index, defining what can be seen as 4-dimensional optics (4DO). The geometry of such space is analysed, making no physical assumptions of any kind.…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Jose B. Almeida

In this paper, we study rigidity aspects of Penrose's singularity theorem. Specifically, we aim to answer the following question: if a spacetime satisfies the hypotheses of Penrose's singularity theorem except with weakly trapped surfaces…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-01-23 Gregory J. Galloway , Eric Ling

Penrose proposed that the big bang singularity should be constrained by requiring that the Weyl curvature vanishes there. The idea behind this past hypothesis is attractive because it constrains the initial conditions for the universe in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-01-19 Abhay Ashtekar , Brajesh Gupt

Despite being known for his pioneering work on chaotic unpredictability, the key discovery at the core of meteorologist Ed Lorenz's work is the link between space-time calculus and state-space fractal geometry. Indeed, properties of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-17 T. N. Palmer

The causal boundary construction of Geroch, Kronheimer, and Penrose has some universal properties of importance for general studies of spacetimes, particularly when equipped with a topology derived from the causal structure. Properties of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Steven G. Harris

In 1979 Penrose hypothesized that the arrows of time are explained by the hypothesis that the fundamental laws are time irreversible. That is, our reversible laws, such as the standard model and general relativity are effective, and emerge…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-01-17 Marina Cortês , Lee Smolin

We present a novel derivation of both the Minkowski metric and Lorentz transformations from the consistent quantification of a causally ordered set of events with respect to an embedded observer. Unlike past derivations, which have relied…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2014-12-22 Kevin H. Knuth , Newshaw Bahreyni

A Penrose diagram is constructed for a spatially coherent black hole that smoothly begins an accretion, then excretes symmetrically as measured by a distant observer, with the initial and final states described by a metric of Minkowski…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-21 James Lindesay , Paul Sheldon

In the traditional formalism of quantum mechanics, a simple direct proof of (a version of) the Spin Geometry Theorem of Penrose is given; and the structure of a model of the `space of the quantum directions', defined in terms of elementary…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-09-08 László B. Szabados

In this two-part paper, we review, and then develop, the assessment of the hole argument for general relativity. This first Part reviews the literature hitherto, focussing on the philosophical aspects. It also introduces two main ideas we…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2023-03-27 Henrique Gomes , Jeremy Butterfield

In this paper, we introduce a new family of mass-type invariants for time-symmetric initial data in space-times satisfying the Dominant Energy Condition. For positive cosmological constant, these invariants, unlike the total Hawking mass,…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2026-04-28 Virginia Agostiniani , Stefano Borghini , Lorenzo Mazzieri

In this short note we explain how one can use established results to prove various versions of the positive mass theorem for initial data sets with boundary, in dimensions less than 8.

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-01-11 Gregory J. Galloway , Dan A. Lee

Inspired by the proof of the Bertrand postulate given by P. Erd\H{o}S, we carefully examine and solve one less usual inequality in positive integers which could help to find an arithmetically pure proof that for every positive integer…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-03-06 Barbora Batíková , Tomáš J. Kepka , Petr C. Němec

We investigate the magnetic Penrose process in the Quevedo-Mashhoon spacetime, immersed in a uniform magnetic field $B$. This metric is a stationary, axisymmetric, asymptotically flat vacuum solution to Einstein's equations with an…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-12-05 Shao-Jun Zhang

As an interesting application of the Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet theory and our work on the Gauss-Bonnet-Chern mass (Ge, Wang, Wu), we obtain a positive mass theorem for asymptotically flat graphs in $\R^{n+1}$ under a condition that $R+\alpha…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2013-04-29 Yuxin Ge , Guofang Wang , Jie Wu

The main result of this paper supports a conjecture by C. P\'erez and E. Rela about a very recent result of theirs on self-improving theory. Also, we extend the conclusions of their theorem to the range $p<1$. As an application of our…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2019-07-30 Javier C. Martínez-Perales

We prove the spacetime positive mass theorem in dimensions less than eight. This theorem states that for any asymptotically flat initial data set satisfying the dominant energy condition, the ADM energy-momentum vector $(E,P)$ of the…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2015-12-24 Michael Eichmair , Lan-Hsuan Huang , Dan A. Lee , Richard Schoen

This article reviews a recent work by a couple of colleagues and myself about the shortcomings of the standard explanations of the quantum origin of cosmic structure in the inflationary scenario, and a proposal to address them. The point it…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Daniel Sudarsky

It is the purpose of the present article to collect arguments for, that there should exist in fact -- although not necessarily yet found -- some law, which imply an adjustment to special features to occur in the future. In our own "complex…

General Physics · Physics 2015-03-31 Holger Bech Nielsen