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Observational effects of cosmic string loops depend on how loops are distributed in space. Chernoff \cite{Chernoff} has argued that loops can be gravitationally captured in galaxies and that for sufficiently small values of $G\mu$ their…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-09-22 Mudit Jain , Alexander Vilenkin

We discuss the gravitational wave background generated by primordial density perturbations evolving during the radiation era. At second-order in a perturbative expansion, density fluctuations produce gravitational waves. We calculate the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Kishore N. Ananda , Chris Clarkson , David Wands

The equations which determine the response of a spinning charged particle moving in a uniform magnetic field to an incident gravitational wave are derived in the linearized approximation to general relativity. We verify that 1) the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 D. B. Papadopoulos

We calculate the gravitational wave spectrum generated by sound waves during a cosmological phase transition, incorporating several advancements beyond the current state-of-the-art. Rather than relying on the bag model or similar…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-09-24 Chi Tian , Xiao Wang , Csaba Balázs

We use the basic equations that predict the emission of gravitational waves according to the Einstein gravitation theory to calculate the luminosities and the amplitudes of the waves generated by binary stars, pulsations of neutron stars,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-03-11 M. Cattani

We compute the stochastic gravitational wave background generated by cosmic superstrings using a semi-analytical velocity-dependent model to describe their dynamics. We show that heavier string types may leave distinctive signatures on the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-10-05 Lara Sousa , Pedro P. Avelino

Light undergoes perturbation as gravitational waves pass by. This is shown by solving Maxwell's equations in a spacetime with gravitational waves; a solution exhibits a perturbation due to gravitational waves. We determine the perturbation…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-07-05 Dong-Hoon Kim , Chan Park

We study the cosmological propagation of gravitational waves (GWs) beyond general relativity (GR) across homogeneous and isotropic backgrounds. We consider scenarios in which GWs interact with an additional tensor field and use a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-12-08 Jose Maria Ezquiaga , Wayne Hu , Macarena Lagos , Meng-Xiang Lin

We analyze the propagation of gravitational waves in a medium containing bounded subsystems ("molecules"), able to induce significant Macroscopic Gravity effects. We establish a precise constitutive relation between the average quadrupole…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-07-26 Giovanni Montani , Fabio Moretti

General relativity and its cosmological solution predicts the existence of tensor modes of perturbations evolving on top of our Friedman-Lema\^itre-Robertson-Walker expanding Universe. Being gauge invariant and not necessarily coupled to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-01-20 Amaury Micheli , Patrick Peter

Gravitational waves have been directly detected and astronomical observations indicate that our Universe has a positive cosmological constant $\Lambda$. Nevertheless, a theoretical gauge-invariant notion of gravitational waves arriving at…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-11-18 Francisco Fernández-Álvarez , José M. M. Senovilla

Gravitational waves transport very detailed information on the structure and evolution of astrophysical sources. For instance a binary system in the early stages of its evolution emits a wavetrain at specific frequencies that depend on the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2017-08-23 Valeria Ferrari

We study the gravitational waves in modified Gauss-Bonnet gravity. Applying the metric perturbation around a cosmological background, we obtain explicit expressions for the wave equations. It is shown that the speed of the traceless mode is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-08-25 Tomohiro Inagaki , Masahiko Taniguchi

Gravitational waves provide a unique window into gravity, cosmology, and high-energy physics, enabling the exploration of fundamental phenomena across a wide range of scales. This review presents a coherent and pedagogical framework that…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-12-25 Azadeh Maleknejad

In this paper, we discuss the gravitational waves in the context of gauge theory gravity with a negative cosmological constant. The gauge theory gravity is a gravity theory under gauge formulation in the language of geometric algebra. In…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-09-12 Jianfei Xu

Gravitational waves (GWs) provide an excellent opportunity to test the gravity in the strong gravitational fields. In this article, we calculate the waveform of GWs, produced by the coalescence of compact binaries, in an extension of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-01-01 Jin Qiao , Tao Zhu , Wen Zhao , Anzhong Wang

We analyze the shapes of cosmic string loops found in large-scale simulations of an expanding-universe string network. The simulation does not include gravitational back reaction, but we model that process by smoothing the loop using…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-09-30 Jose J. Blanco-Pillado , Ken D. Olum , Benjamin Shlaer

The geometric optics approximation traditionally used to study the propagation of gravitational waves on a curved background, breaks down in the vicinity of compact and extended astrophysical objects, where wave-like effects like diffusion…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-02-06 Giulia Cusin , Ruth Durrer , Pedro G. Ferreira

Gravitational waves are tiny disturbances in space-time and are a fundamental, although not yet directly confirmed, prediction of General Relativity. Rapidly rotating neutron stars are one of the possible sources of gravitational radiation…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-12-03 Aaron Worley , Plamen G. Krastev , Bao-An Li

The cosmological stochastic gravitational-wave background produced by the mildly non-linear evolution of density fluctuations is analyzed, in the frame of an Einstein-de Sitter model, by means of a fully relativistic perturbation expansion…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Sabino Matarrese , Silvia Mollerach