Related papers: On Proper Time in General Relativity
We show that proper time, when defined in the quantum theory of 2d gravity, becomes identical to the stochastic time associated with the stochastic quantization of space. This observation was first made by Kawai and collaborators in the…
The relativity of cosmic time is developed within the framework of Cosmological Relativity in five dimensions of space, time and velocity. A general linearized metric element is defined to have the form $ds^2 = (1+\phi) c^2 dt^2 - dr^2 +…
In [J. Math. Phys. {\bf 40}, 1237 (1999)] Kudaka and Matsumoto derive the uncertainty relation $c^2 \Delta m \Delta \tau \geq \hbar/2$ between the rest mass $m$ and the proper time $\tau$, by considering the Lagrangian $M(\dot \tau - c^{-1}…
The space-time length R between a moving source and the observation point is calculated in order to substitute with it the spatial distance D, normally used in the Newton's law of gravitation, as well as in any inverse-square-law.…
If a clock, mathematically modeled by a parametrized timelike curve in a general-relativistic spacetime, is given, the radar method assigns a time and a distance to every event which is sufficiently close to the clock. Several geometric…
In these informal lecture notes we outline different approaches used in doing calculations involving the Dirac equation in curved spacetime. We have tried to clarify the subject by carefully pointing out the various conventions used and by…
The central arguments for a generalised form of proper time as the basis for a unified theory, accounting for the Standard Model of particle physics and encompassing all four forces of nature including a consistent `quantum gravity', are…
This tutorial, addressing physics teachers and undergraduate students, aims at clarifying some aspects of time in special relativity. In particular, time dilation is usually presented only as the well-known ratio of lab time over proper…
The generalisation of proper time, as an alternative to models with extra dimensions of space, has been proposed as the source of the elementary structures of matter. Direct connections with the Standard Model of particle physics together…
The Global Positioning System (GPS) provides an excellent educational example as to how the theory of general relativity is put into practice and becomes part of our everyday life. This paper gives a short and instructive derivation of an…
We derive a generalized deviation equation -- analogous to the well-known geodesic deviation equation -- for test bodies in General Relativity. Our result encompasses and generalizes previous extensions of the standard geodesic deviation…
The perspective is advanced that the time parameter in quantum mechanics corresponds to the time coordinate in a Minkowski flat spacetime local approximation to the actual dynamical curved spacetime of General Relativity, rather than to an…
It is shown in this paper that the difference between the two forms of relativity - the ''true transformation (TT) relativity'' and - the ''apparent transformation (AT) relativity'' is essentially caused by the difference in the concept of…
In this work, the relativistic phenomena of Lorentz contraction and time dilation are derived using a modified distance formula appropriate for discrete space. This new distance formula is different than Pythagoras's theorem but converges…
Time-like and space-like invariant space-time intervals are used to analyse measurements of spatial and temporal distances defined by two spatially-separated clocks. The time dilatation effect is confirmed, but not `relativity of…
A simple connection between mass M of a particle or a body and time t is proposed. The flow of time t depends on the relativechange of mass, i.e \frac{\Delta M}{M}=- \mu dt, where \mu is unknown parameter. Some of the simplest consequences…
Whether the space-time is curved or not? The experimental criterions to judge this point are: (1) The results of three classical relativistic experiments in essence are favorable to the special relativistic gravitational theory (base in the…
In a purely relational theory there exists a tension between the relational character of the theory and the existence of quantities like distance and duration. We review this issue in the context of the Leibniz-Clarke correspondence. We…
In this paper I argue that the fundamental aspect of our notion of time is that it defines an order relation, be it a total order relation between configurations of the world or just a partial order relation between events. This position is…
The problem of the referring of space and time relationships between physical objects in a curved space-time is discussed. The basic notions of column and weak column that could constitute the basis for consistent general relativistic…