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Every language recognized by a non-deterministic finite automaton can be recognized by a deterministic automaton, at the cost of a potential increase of the number of states, which in the worst case can go from $n$ states to $2^n$ states.…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Arnaud Carayol , Philippe Duchon , Florent Koechlin , Cyril Nicaud

Tree automata based algorithms are essential in many fields in computer science such as verification, specification, program analysis. They become also essential for databases with the development of standards such as XML. In this paper, we…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2007-05-23 J. Carme , R. Gilleron , A. Lemay , A. Terlutte , M. Tommasi

We study the class of languages that have membership proofs which can be verified by real-time finite-state machines using only a constant number of random bits, regardless of the size of their inputs. Since any further restriction on the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2022-06-03 Özdeniz Dolu , Nevzat Ersoy , M. Utkan Gezer , A. C. Cem Say

This paper studies the complexity of operations on finite automata and the complexity of their decision problems when the alphabet is unary. Let $n$ denote the maximum of the number of states of the input finite automata considered in the…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Wojciech Czerwiński , Maciej Dębski , Tomasz Gogasz , Gordon Hoi , Sanjay Jain , Michał Skrzypczak , Frank Stephan , Christopher Tan

We examine the characteristic features of reversible and quantum computations in the presence of supplementary external information, known as advice. In particular, we present a simple, algebraic characterization of languages recognized by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-08-25 Tomoyuki Yamakami

Quantum finite automata can be used for pattern recognition. Present implementations on actual quantum devices face decoherence issues, which compromise the quality of long strings computation. In this work, we focus on the Measure Once…

A three-way (resp., two-way) two-dimensional automaton has a read-only input head that moves in three (resp., two) directions on a finite array of cells labelled by symbols of the input alphabet. Restricting the input head movement of a…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2021-05-05 Taylor J. Smith , Kai Salomaa

In this work, we introduce DeepDFA, a novel approach to identifying Deterministic Finite Automata (DFAs) from traces, harnessing a differentiable yet discrete model. Inspired by both the probabilistic relaxation of DFAs and Recurrent Neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-19 Elena Umili , Roberto Capobianco

We define a quantum computational model over infinite words, called Measure-Many Quantum B\"uchi Automata (MMQBA), which extends Measure-many Quantum Finite automata (MMQFA) to the infinite word setting with B\"uchi acceptance condition. In…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Abhisek Midya , A Baskar

We show that deterministic finite automata equipped with $k$ two-way heads are equivalent to deterministic machines with a single two-way input head and $k-1$ linearly bounded counters if the accepted language is strictly bounded, i.e., a…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2014-08-07 Holger Petersen

We show that one-way quantum one-counter automaton with zero-error is more powerful than its probabilistic counterpart on promise problems. Then, we obtain a similar separation result between Las Vegas one-way probabilistic one-counter…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Masaki Nakanishi , Abuzer Yakaryılmaz , Aida Gainutdinova

In the field of computational logic, two classes of finite automata are considered fundamental: deterministic and nondeterministic automata (DFAs and NFAs). In a more fine-grained approach three natural intermediate classes were introduced,…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Karolina Drabik , Anita Dürr , Fabian Frei , Filip Mazowiecki , Karol Węgrzycki

The state complexity of a finite(-state) automaton intuitively measures the size of the description of the automaton. Sakoda and Sipser [STOC 1972, pp. 275--286] were concerned with nonuniform families of finite automata and they discussed…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Tomoyuki Yamakami

We give an unique string representation, up to isomorphism, for initially connected deterministic finite automata (ICDFAs) with n states over an alphabet of k symbols. We show how to generate all these strings for each n and k, and how its…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2009-06-16 Rogério Reis , Nelma Moreira , Marco Almeida

Plane-walking automata were introduced by Salo & T\"orma to recognise languages of two-dimensional infinite words (subshifts), the counterpart of $4$-way finite automata for two-dimensional finite words. We extend the model to allow for…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Benjamin Hellouin de Menibus , Pacôme Perrotin

We introduce a new type of nonuniform two--way automaton that can use a different transition function for each tape square. We also enhance this model by allowing to shuffle the given input at the beginning of the computation. Then we…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2018-02-01 Kamil Khadiev , Rishat Ibrahimov , Abuzer Yakary

Following up on a paper of Balamohan, Kuznetsov, and Tanny, we analyze a variant of Hofstadter's Q-sequence and show it is 2-automatic. An automaton computing the sequence is explicitly given.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2011-06-14 J. -P. Allouche , J. Shallit

It is proved that every regular expression of alphabetic width $n$, that is, with $n$ occurrences of symbols of the alphabet, can be transformed into a deterministic finite automaton (DFA) with $2^{\frac{n}{2}+(\frac{\log_2…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Olga Martynova , Alexander Okhotin

In this paper, we present a much simpler, direct and elegant approach to the equivalence problem of {\it measure many one-way quantum finite automata} (MM-1QFAs). The approach is essentially generalized from the work of Carlyle [J. Math.…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2023-06-19 Tianrong Lin

This paper describes an algorithm for the compilation of a two (or more) level orthographic or phonological rule notation into finite state transducers. The notation is an alternative to the standard one deriving from Koskenniemi's work: it…

cmp-lg · Computer Science 2008-02-03 Edmund Grimley-Evans , George Anton Kiraz , Stephen G. Pulman