Related papers: A Downward Collapse within the Polynomial Hierarch…

If $ p_k(a,m,n) $ denotes the number of partitions of $n$ into $k$th powers with a number of parts that is congruent to $ a $ modulo $m,$ then $p_2(0,2,n)\sim p_2(1,2,n)$ and the sign of the difference $p_2(0,2,n)- p_k(1,2,n)$ alternates…

In this paper, we study various classes of partition functions such as those related to the parity of the number of parts, to differences of partition numbers, and to partitions with a repeated smallest part. We establish identities…

A polynomial $p\in\mathbb{R}[x]$ is a divisor of some polynomial $0\neq f\in\mathbb{R}[x]$ with non-negative coefficients if and only if $p$ does not have a positive real root. The lowest possible degree of such $f$ for a given $p$ is known…

Recently Sarah Bockting-Conrad introduced the double lowering operator $\psi$ for a tridiagonal pair. Motivated by $\psi$ we consider the following problem about polynomials. Let $\mathbb F$ denote an algebraically closed field. Let $x$…

Let $K:={x: g(x)\leq 1}$ be the compact sub-level set of some homogeneous polynomial $g$. Assume that the only knowledge about $K$ is the degree of $g$ as well as the moments of the Lebesgue measure on $K$ up to order 2d. Then the vector of…

A staircase is the set of points in Z^2 below a given rational line in the plane that have Manhattan Distance less than 1 to the line. Staircases are closely related to Beatty and Sturmian sequences of rational numbers. Connecting the…

This paper continues an earlier work on the structure of solutions to two classes of functional equation. Let $Z$ be a compact Abelian group and $U_1$, \ldots, $U_k \leq Z$ be closed subgroups. Given $f:Z\to\mathbb{T}$ and $w \in Z$, one…

Necessary and sufficient conditions under which two real functions defined on the real interval can be separated by a polynomial are given. An immediate consequence of the main result is the existence of the polynomial separation of convex…

We prove that it is NP-complete to decide whether a given (3-dimensional) simplicial complex is collapsible. This work extends a result of Malgouyres and Franc\'{e}s showing that it is NP-complete to decide whether a given simplicial…

In this paper, we study the symmetric rank of products of linear forms and an irreducible quadratic form. The main result presents a new, non-trivial lower bound for the rank, and the arguments rely on the apolarity lemma. In the special…

We give a direct combinatorial proof that the product of two descent classes in a symmetric group is a sum of descent classes. The proof is based on the fact that the group product gives a covering map when descent classes are endowed with…

This paper introduces two matrix analogues for set partitions. A composition matrix on a finite set X is an upper triangular matrix whose entries partition X, and for which there are no rows or columns containing only empty sets. A…

Many results in mass partitions are proved by lifting $\mathbb{R}^d$ to a higher-dimensional space and dividing the higher-dimensional space into pieces. We extend such methods to use lifting arguments to polyhedral surfaces. Among other…

Most integers are composite and most univariate polynomials over a finite field are reducible. The Prime Number Theorem and a classical result of Gau{\ss} count the remaining ones, approximately and exactly. For polynomials in two or more…

The concepts of symmetry and its breakdown are investigated in two different terms according to whether the resulting asymmetry is universal or only obtained for a special configuration: we shall illustrate this by considering in the first…

Spontaneous symmetry breaking is a fundamental notion in modern physics, ranging from high energy to condensed matter. However, the usual spontaneous symmetry breaking only considers the equal probability to select the vacua. In this work,…

This work is a continuation of [13]. We study the linear disjointness between higher-order oscillating sequences and nonlinear dynamical systems. Specifically, we prove that any oscillating sequence of order $m=d+k-1$ and any simple…

In these notes we give a brief introduction to decomposition theory and we summarize some classical and well-known results. The main question is that if a partitioning of a topological space (in other words a decomposition) is given, then…

In this paper the chordal graph structures of polynomial sets appearing in triangular decomposition in top-down style are studied when the input polynomial set to decompose has a chordal associated graph. In particular, we prove that the…

We study multivariate trigonometric polynomials, satisfying a set of constraints close to the known Strung-Fix conditions. Based on the polyphase representation of these polynomials relative to a general dilation matrix, we develop a simple…