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These lecture notes are an informal introduction to the theory of computational complexity and its links to quantum computing and statistical mechanics.

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-09-25 Stephan Mertens

Regular expressions in an Automata Theory and Formal Languages course are mostly treated as a theoretical topic. That is, to some degree their mathematical properties and their role to describe languages is discussed. This approach fails to…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2023-08-15 Marco T. Morazán

We develop a behavioural theory of reflective sequential algorithms (RSAs), i.e. sequential algorithms that can modify their own behaviour. The theory comprises a set of language-independent postulates defining the class of RSAs, an…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-01-27 Klaus-Dieter Schewe , Flavio Ferrarotti

This lecture note is intended to prepare early-year master's and PhD students in data science or a related discipline with foundational ideas in machine learning. It starts with basic ideas in modern machine learning with classification as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Kyunghyun Cho

This text is a survey on symmetric matrices. It serves as a script for a module to be taught at university.

History and Overview · Mathematics 2025-03-03 Helmut Kahl

This paper proposes an alternative approach to formally establishing the correctness of the RSA public key cryptosystem. The methodology presented herein deviates slightly from conventional proofs found in existing literature. Specifically,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Dar-jen Chang , Suranjan Gautam

Many computer vision problems require optimization of binary non-submodular energies. We propose a general optimization framework based on local submodular approximations (LSA). Unlike standard LP relaxation methods that linearize the whole…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2014-04-17 Lena Gorelick , Yuri Boykov , Olga Veksler , Ismail Ben Ayed , Andrew Delong

We define an isomorphism between the group of points of a conic and the set of integers modulo a prime equipped with a non-standard product. This product can be efficiently evaluated through the use of R\'edei rational functions. We then…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-01-28 Emanuele Bellini , Nadir Murru

This text provides an introduction to distributed local algorithms -- an area at the intersection of theoretical computer science and discrete mathematics. We collect recent results in the area and demonstrate how they lead to a clean…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Václav Rozhoň

These are lecture notes that are based on the lectures from a class I taught on the topic of Randomized Linear Algebra (RLA) at UC Berkeley during the Fall 2013 semester.

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-08-17 Michael W. Mahoney

The article presents some aspects on the use of computer in teaching general relativity for undergraduate students with some experience in computer manipulation. The article presents some simple algebraic programming (in REDUCE+EXCALC…

Physics Education · Physics 2007-05-23 Florin A. Ghergu , Dumitru N. Vulcanov

This is a brief introduction to the basic concepts of topology. It includes the basic constructions, discusses separation properties, metric and pseudometric spaces, and gives some applications arising from the use of topology in computing.

Logic · Mathematics 2015-03-04 E. -E. Doberkat

These notes contain part of the lectures of an introductory course on orthogonal polynomials and special functions that I gave in the joint PhD Program in Mathematics UC|UP in the academic years 2015-2016 (at University of Porto) and…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2021-11-15 J. Petronilho

Writing complex computer programs to study scientific problems requires careful planning and an in-depth knowledge of programming languages and tools. In this chapter the importance of using the right tool for the right problem is…

Computational Physics · Physics 2010-06-17 Helmut G. Katzgraber

In this paper we address two different problems related with the factorization of an RSA module N. First we can show that factoring is equivalent in deterministic polynomial time to counting points on a pair of twisted Elliptic curves…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-11-26 Luis Dieulefait , Jorge Urroz

We present a survey of quantum algorithms, primarily for an intended audience of pure mathematicians. We place an emphasis on algorithms involving group theory.

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Michael Batty , Samuel L. Braunstein , Andrew J. Duncan , Sarah Rees

This paper presents a educational workshop in Scratch that is proposed for the active participation of undergraduate students in contexts of Artificial Intelligence. The main objective of the activity is to demystify the complexity of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-15 Julian Estevez , Gorka Garate , JM Lopez Guede , Manuel Graña

In this course we introduce the main notions relative to the classical theory of modular forms. A complete treatise in a similar style can be found in the author's book joint with F. Str{\"o}mberg [1].

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-10-01 Henri Cohen

As the field of recommender systems has developed, authors have used a myriad of notations for describing the mathematical workings of recommendation algorithms. These notations ap-pear in research papers, books, lecture notes, blog posts,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-02-13 Michael D. Ekstrand , Joseph A. Konstan

Low-rank matrix recovery problems are inverse problems which naturally arise in various fields like signal processing, imaging and machine learning. They are non-convex and NP-hard in full generality. It is therefore a delicate problem to…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-05-24 Irène Waldspurger