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Cryptographic problems can often be reduced to solving Boolean polynomial systems, whose equivalent logical formulas can be treated using SAT solvers. Given the algebraic nature of the problem, the use of the logical XOR operator is common…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-12-21 Monika Trimoska , Sorina Ionica , Gilles Dequen

The Exact Satisfiability problem, XSAT, is defined as the problem of finding a satisfying assignment to a formula $\varphi$ in CNF such that exactly one literal in each clause is assigned to be "1" and the other literals in the same clause…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-12-15 Gordon Hoi

The Exact Satisfiability problem asks if we can find a satisfying assignment to each clause such that exactly one literal in each clause is assigned $1$, while the rest are all assigned $0$. We can generalise this problem further by…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-08-02 Gordon Hoi , Frank Stephan

Boolean satisfiability (SAT) problem, the first problem proven to be NP-complete, has become a fundamental challenge in computational complexity, with widespread applications in optimization and verification across many domains. Despite…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Curie Kim , Carsten Portner , Mingju Liu , Steve Dai , Haoxing Ren , Brucek Khailany , Alvaro Velasquez , Ismail Alkhouri , Cunxi Yu

We present an exact quantum algorithm for solving the Exact Satisfiability (XSAT) problem, which belongs to the important NP-complete complexity class. The algorithm is based on an intuitive approach that can be divided into two parts:…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-08-30 Salvatore Mandrà , Gian Giacomo Guerreschi , Alán Aspuru-Guzik

We introduce and benchmark a stochastic local search heuristic for the NP-complete satisfiability problem 3-SAT that drastically outperforms existing solvers in the notoriously difficult realm of critically hard instances. Our construction…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-23 J. Schwardt , J. C. Budich

The Exact Satisfiability problem, XSAT, is defined as the problem of finding a satisfying assignment to a formula in CNF such that there is exactly one literal in each clause assigned to be 1 and the other literals in the same clause are…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-07-16 Gordon Hoi , Sanjay Jain , Frank Stephan

Integrating logical reasoning within deep learning architectures has been a major goal of modern AI systems. In this paper, we propose a new direction toward this goal by introducing a differentiable (smoothed) maximum satisfiability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-30 Po-Wei Wang , Priya L. Donti , Bryan Wilder , Zico Kolter

The rigorous theoretical analyses of algorithms for exact 3-satisfiability (X3SAT) have been proposed in the literature. As we know, previous algorithms for solving X3SAT have been analyzed only regarding the number of variables as the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-03-29 Junping Zhou , Minghao Yin

We propose an incomplete algorithm for Maximum Satisfiability (MaxSAT) specifically designed to run on neural network accelerators such as GPUs and TPUs. Given a MaxSAT problem instance in conjunctive normal form, our procedure constructs a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-07 David Warde-Farley , Vinod Nair , Yujia Li , Ivan Lobov , Felix Gimeno , Simon Osindero

Near-term quantum computers will operate in a noisy environment, without error correction. A critical problem for near-term quantum computing is laying out a logical circuit onto a physical device with limited connectivity between qubits.…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Abtin Molavi , Amanda Xu , Martin Diges , Lauren Pick , Swamit Tannu , Aws Albarghouthi

X3SAT is the problem of whether one can satisfy a given set of clauses with up to three literals such that in every clause, exactly one literal is true and the others are false. A related question is to determine the maximal Hamming…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2019-10-04 Gordon Hoi , Sanjay Jain , Frank Stephan

The Maximum Satisfiability problem (MaxSAT) is a major optimization challenge with numerous practical applications. In recent MaxSAT evaluations, most MaxSAT solvers have incorporated an Integer Linear Programming (ILP) solver into their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Jialu Zhang , Chu-Min Li , Sami Cherif , Shuolin Li , Zhifei Zheng

Weighted Max-SAT is the optimization version of SAT and many important problems can be naturally encoded as such. Solving weighted Max-SAT is an important problem from both a theoretical and a practical point of view. In recent years, there…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Javier Larrosa , Federico Heras , Simon de Givry

The 32-bit hwb (hwb-n32 for short) problem is from equivalence checking that arises in combining two circuits computing the hidden weighted bit function. Since 2002, it remains still unsolvable in every SAT competition. This paper focuses…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2011-06-08 Jingchao Chen

The NeuroSAT neural network architecture was recently introduced for predicting properties of propositional formulae. When trained to predict the satisfiability of toy problems, it was shown to find solutions and unsatisfiable cores on its…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-07-23 Daniel Selsam , Nikolaj Bjørner

Recently, a novel, MaxSAT-based method for error correction in quantum computing has been proposed that requires both incremental MaxSAT solving capabilities and support for XOR constraints, but no dedicated MaxSAT solver fulfilling these…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Ole Lübke

The IC3 algorithm, also known as PDR, is a SAT-based model checking algorithm that has significantly influenced the field in recent years due to its efficiency, scalability, and completeness. It utilizes SAT solvers to solve a series of SAT…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Yuheng Su , Qiusong Yang , Yiwei Ci , Yingcheng Li , Tianjun Bu , Ziyu Huang

We study techniques for solving the Maximum Satisfiability problem (MaxSAT). Our focus is on variables of degree 4. We identify cases for degree-4 variables and show how the resolution principle and the kernelization techniques can be…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-03-11 Jianer Chen , Chao Xu

Decoding of Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC) codes can be viewed as a special case of XOR-SAT problems, for which low-computational complexity bit-flipping algorithms have been proposed in the literature. However, a performance gap exists…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Ankita Nandi , Shantanu Chakrabartty , Chetan Singh Thakur
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