English
Related papers

Related papers: On vocabulary size of grammar-based codes

200 papers

Although Perplexity is a widely used performance metric for language models, the values are highly dependent upon the number of words in the corpus and is useful to compare performance of the same corpus only. In this paper, we propose a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-30 Jihyeon Roh , Sang-Hoon Oh , Soo-Young Lee

By virtue of linguistic compositionality, few syntactic rules and a finite lexicon can generate an unbounded number of sentences. That is, language, though seemingly high-dimensional, can be explained using relatively few degrees of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Jin Hwa Lee , Thomas Jiralerspong , Lei Yu , Yoshua Bengio , Emily Cheng

Improvements in language model capabilities are often attributed to increasing model size or training data, but in some cases smaller models trained on curated data or with different architectural decisions can outperform larger ones…

How should text dataset sizes be compared across languages? Even for content-matched (parallel) corpora, UTF-8 encoded text can require a dramatically different number of bytes for different languages. In our work, we define the byte…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-04 Catherine Arnett , Tyler A. Chang , Benjamin K. Bergen

We introduce new definitions of universal and superuniversal computable codes, which are based on a code's ability to approximate Kolmogorov complexity within the prescribed margin for all individual sequences from a given set. Such sets of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2009-04-10 Łukasz Dębowski

Grammar-based compression is a popular and powerful approach to compressing repetitive texts but until recently its relatively poor time-space trade-offs during real-life construction made it impractical for truly massive datasets such as…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Travis Gagie , Tomohiro I , Giovanni Manzini , Gonzalo Navarro , Hiroshi Sakamoto , Louisa Seelbach Benkner , Yoshimasa Takabatake

In this paper, we consider the problem of constructing optimal average-length binary codes under the constraint that each codeword must contain at most $D$ ones, where $D$ is a given input parameter. We provide an $O(n^2D)$-time complexity…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Roberto Bruno , Roberto De Prisco , Ugo Vaccaro

We consider a network coding setting where some of the messages and edges have fixed alphabet sizes, that do not change when we increase the common alphabet size of the rest of the messages and edges. We prove that the problem of deciding…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-02-11 Cheuk Ting Li

Word segmentation is a low-level NLP task that is non-trivial for a considerable number of languages. In this paper, we present a sequence tagging framework and apply it to word segmentation for a wide range of languages with different…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-07-10 Yan Shao , Christian Hardmeier , Joakim Nivre

An additive noise channel is considered, in which the distribution of the noise is nonparametric and unknown. The problem of learning encoders and decoders based on noise samples is considered. For uncoded communication systems, the problem…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-11-17 Nir Weinberger

We study the new problem of Huffman-like codes subject to individual restrictions on the code-word lengths of a subset of the source words. These are prefix codes with minimal expected code-word length for a random source where additionally…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2007-07-13 Paul M. B. Vitanyi , Zvi Lotker

This paper introduces a new inequality in algorithmic information theory that can be seen as an extended coding theorem. This inequality has applications in new bounds between quantum complexity measures.

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2021-01-25 Samuel Epstein

Isolated word meanings are inherently uncertain. This uncertainty reduces when they are combined and anchored in context. We propose that grammar compresses meaning uncertainty cross-linguistically, which is reflected in brain and…

In this paper we show the usability of the Gray code with constant weight words for computing linear combinations of codewords. This can lead to a big improvement of the computation time for finding the minimum distance of a code. We have…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-09-12 Nikolay Yankov , Krassimir Enev

We relate the computational complexity of finite strings to universal representations of their underlying symmetries. First, Boolean functions are classified using the universal covering topologies of the circuits which enumerate them. A…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2011-09-20 John Scoville

Word embedding, specially with its recent developments, promises a quantification of the similarity between terms. However, it is not clear to which extent this similarity value can be genuinely meaningful and useful for subsequent tasks.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-04-05 Navid Rekabsaz , Mihai Lupu , Allan Hanbury

We classify and re-examine some of the current approaches to improve the performance-computes trade-off of language models, including (1) non-causal models (such as masked language models), (2) extension of batch length with efficient…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-16 Aran Komatsuzaki

Word or word-fragment based Language Models (LM) are typically preferred over character-based ones in many downstream applications. This may not be surprising as words seem more linguistically relevant units than characters. Words provide…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-07 Tu Anh Nguyen , Maureen de Seyssel , Robin Algayres , Patricia Roze , Ewan Dunbar , Emmanuel Dupoux

We present a language independent, unsupervised method for building word embeddings using morphological expansion of text. Our model handles the problem of data sparsity and yields improved word embeddings by relying on training word…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-11-16 Syed Sarfaraz Akhtar , Arihant Gupta , Avijit Vajpayee , Arjit Srivastava , Manish Shrivastava

Large language models (LLMs) are a promising venue for natural language understanding and generation tasks. However, current LLMs are far from reliable: they are prone to generate non-factual information and, more crucially, to contradict…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-22 Diego Calanzone , Stefano Teso , Antonio Vergari