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Solving linear systems is a ubiquitous task in science and engineering. Because directly inverting a large-scale linear system can be computationally expensive, iterative algorithms are often used to numerically find the inverse. To…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-07-20 Zheyuan Zhu , Andrew B. Klein , Guifang Li , Shuo Pang

On modern architectures, the performance of 32-bit operations is often at least twice as fast as the performance of 64-bit operations. By using a combination of 32-bit and 64-bit floating point arithmetic, the performance of many dense and…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2015-05-13 Marc Baboulin , Alfredo Buttari , Jack Dongarra , Jakub Kurzak , Julie Langou , Julien Langou , Piotr Luszczek , Stanimire Tomov

Some recent processors are not equipped with an integer division unit. Compilers then implement division by a call to a special function supplied by the processor designers, which implements division by a loop producing one bit of quotient…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-07-19 David Monniaux , Alice Pain

In this work faster unsigned multiplication has been achieved by using a combination of High Performance Multiplication [HPM] column reduction technique and implementing a N-bit multiplier using 4 N/2-bit multipliers (recursive…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2011-10-20 V. Sreedeep , B. Ramkumar , Harish M Kittur

Discrete Fourier transforms~(DFTs) over finite fields have widespread applications in digital communication and storage systems. Hence, reducing the computational complexities of DFTs is of great significance. Recently proposed cyclotomic…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-05-19 Xuebin Wu , Meghanad Wagh , Ning Chen , Zhiyuan Yan , Ying Wang

In this work, we provide energy-efficient architectural support for floating point accuracy. Our goal is to provide accuracy that is far greater than that provided by the processor's hardware floating point unit (FPU). Specifically, for…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2013-09-30 Ralph Nathan , Bryan Anthonio , Shih-Lien Lu , Helia Naeimi , Daniel J. Sorin , Xiaobai Sun

Montgomery modular multiplication is widely-used in public key cryptosystems (PKC) and affects the efficiency of upper systems directly. However, modulus is getting larger due to the increasing demand of security, which results in a heavy…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Yuxuan Zhang , Hua Guo , Chen Chen , Yewei Guan , Xiyong Zhang , Zhenyu Guan

Arbitrary-precision integer multiplication is the core kernel of many applications in simulation, cryptography, etc. Existing acceleration of arbitrary-precision integer multiplication includes CPUs, GPUs, FPGAs, and ASICs. Among these…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-09-22 Zhuoping Yang , Jinming Zhuang , Jiaqi Yin , Cunxi Yu , Alex K. Jones , Peipei Zhou

General Matrix Multiplication (GEMM) is a fundamental operation widely used in scientific computations. Its performance and accuracy significantly impact the performance and accuracy of applications that depend on it. One such application…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-06-12 Fumiya Kono , Naohito Nakasato , Maho Nakata

Compute-in-memory (CIM) has shown significant potential in efficiently accelerating deep neural networks (DNNs) at the edge, particularly in speeding up quantized models for inference applications. Recently, there has been growing interest…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Zhiqiang Yi , Yiwen Liang , Weidong Cao

Efficient deployment of large language models (LLMs) necessitates low-bit quantization to minimize model size and inference cost. While low-bit integer formats (e.g., INT8/INT4) have been the conventional choice, emerging low-bit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Yijia Zhang , Lingran Zhao , Shijie Cao , Wenqiang Wang , Ting Cao , Fan Yang , Mao Yang , Shanghang Zhang , Ningyi Xu

Block Floating Point (BFP) arithmetic is currently seeing a resurgence in interest because it requires less power, less chip area, and is less complicated to implement in hardware than standard floating point arithmetic. This paper explores…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-07-04 Nils Kohl , Stephen F. McCormick , Rasmus Tamstorf

In modern low-power embedded platforms, floating-point (FP) operations emerge as a major contributor to the energy consumption of compute-intensive applications with large dynamic range. Experimental evidence shows that 50% of the energy…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2017-11-29 Giuseppe Tagliavini , Stefan Mach , Davide Rossi , Andrea Marongiu , Luca Benini

In recent years, reversible logic has emerged as a promising computing paradigm having application in low power CMOS, quantum computing, nanotechnology, and optical computing. The classical set of gates such as AND, OR, and EXOR are not…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Himanshu Thapliyal , M. B. Srinivas

In the recent era, Reversible computing is a growing field having applications in nanotechnology, optical information processing, quantum networks etc. In this paper, the authors show the design of a cost effective reversible programmable…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2012-04-26 Pradeep Singla , Naveen Kr. Malik

It is now widely accepted that the CMOS technology implementing irreversible logic will hit a scaling limit beyond 2016, and that the increased power dissipation is a major limiting factor. Reversible computing can potentially require…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2007-07-13 P. Oscar Boykin , Vwani P. Roychowdhury

At a fundamental level most physical equations are time reversible. In this paper we propose an integrator that preserves this property at the discrete computational level. Our simulations can be run forward and backwards and trace the same…

Graphics · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Jos Stam

Matrix-matrix multiplication is a key computational kernel for numerous applications in science and engineering, with ample parallelism and data locality that lends itself well to high-performance implementations. Many matrix…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2018-06-26 Yaman Umuroglu , Lahiru Rasnayake , Magnus Sjalander

Quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) is a likely candidate for future low power nano-scale electronic devices. Sequential circuits in QCA attract more attention due to its numerous application in digital industry. On the other hand,…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2017-08-28 Mrinal Goswami , Mayukh Roy Chowdhury , Bibhash Sen

The rapid adoption of low-precision arithmetic in artificial intelligence and edge computing has created a strong demand for energy-efficient and flexible floating-point multiply-accumulate (MAC) units. This paper presents a dual-precision…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Shubham Kumar , Vijay Pratap Sharma , Vaibhav Neema , Santosh Kumar Vishvakarma