Related papers: ITs, a structure sensitive information theory

Data comes in many forms. From a shallow perspective, they can be viewed as being either in structured (e.g., as a relation, as key-value pairs) or unstructured (e.g., text, image) formats. So far, machines have been fairly good at…

Intelligence is a human construct to represent the ability to achieve goals. Given this wide berth, intelligence has been defined countless times, studied in a variety of ways and represented using numerous measures. Understanding…

We present a theory for modeling the structure of information and a language (Quanta) expressing the theory. Unlike Shannon's information theory, which focuses on the amount of information in an information system, we focus on the structure…

Researchers have derived many theoretical models for specifying users' insights as they interact with a visualization system. These representations are essential for understanding the insight discovery process, such as when inferring user…

Modern ICT (Information and Communication Technology) has developed a vision where the "computer" is no longer associated with the concept of a single device or a network of devices, but rather the entirety of situated services originating…

The field of AI alignment is increasingly concerned with the questions of how values are integrated into the design of generative AI systems and how their integration shapes the social consequences of AI. However, existing transparency…

In this paper, we observe that semi-structured tabulated text is ubiquitous; understanding them requires not only comprehending the meaning of text fragments, but also implicit relationships between them. We argue that such data can prove…

In the paper we present results to develop an irreducible theory of complex systems in terms of self-organization processes of prime integer relations. Based on the integers and controlled by arithmetic only the self-organization processes…

In this paper have written the results of the information analysis of structures. The obtained information estimation (IE) are based on an entropy measure of C. Shannon. Obtained IE is univalent both for the non-isomorphic and for the…

Model selection in clustering requires (i) to specify a suitable clustering principle and (ii) to control the model order complexity by choosing an appropriate number of clusters depending on the noise level in the data. We advocate an…

Complex systems often exhibit multiple levels of organization covering a wide range of physical scales, so the study of the hierarchical decomposition of their structure and function is frequently convenient. To better understand this…

This paper investigates some issues arising in categorical models of reversible logic and computation. Our claim is that the structural (coherence) isomorphisms of these categorical models, although generally overlooked, have decidedly…

In this paper, we show that coherent sets of gambles and coherent lower and upper previsions can be embedded into the algebraic structure of information algebra. This leads firstly, to a new perspective of the algebraic and logical…

A formal model of the structure of information is presented in five axioms which define identity, containment, and joins of infons. Joins are shown to be commutative, associative, provide inverses of infons, and, potentially, have many…

The scientific study of consciousness is currently undergoing a critical transition in the form of a rapidly evolving scientific debate regarding whether or not currently proposed theories can be assessed for their scientific validity. At…

Information theory is gaining popularity as a tool to characterize performance of biological systems. However, information is commonly quantified without reference to whether or how a system could extract and use it; as a result,…

Integrated Information Theory (IIT) is a prominent theory of consciousness that has at its centre measures that quantify the extent to which a system generates more information than the sum of its parts. While several candidate measures of…

The structures for the expression of fault-tolerance provisions into the application software are the central topic of this paper. Structuring techniques answer the questions "How to incorporate fault-tolerance in the application layer of a…

There has been increasing interest in the integrated information theory (IIT) ofconsciousness, which hypothesizes that consciousness is integrated information withinneuronal dynamics. However, the current formulation of IIT poses both…

The rising diffusion of information systems (IS) throughout society poses an increasingly serious threat to privacy as a social value. One approach to alleviating this threat is to establish transparency of information privacy practices…