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We propose dgMARK, a decoding-guided watermarking method for discrete diffusion language models (dLLMs). Unlike autoregressive models, dLLMs can generate tokens in arbitrary order. While an ideal conditional predictor would be invariant to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Pyo Min Hong , Albert No

This paper considers the problem of designing physical watermark signals in order to optimally detect possible replay attack in a linear time-invariant system, under the assumption that the system parameters are unknown and need to be…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-11-06 Hanxiao Liu , Yilin Mo , Jiaqi Yan , Lihua Xie , Karl H. Johansson

In this paper, we study the problem of watermarking large language models (LLMs). We consider the trade-off between model distortion and detection ability and formulate it as a constrained optimization problem based on the red-green list…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Zhongze Cai , Shang Liu , Hanzhao Wang , Huaiyang Zhong , Xiaocheng Li

The current paper presents a robust watermarking method for still images, which uses the similarity of discrete wavelet transform and human visual system (HVS). The proposed scheme makes the use of pixel wise masking in order to make binary…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2012-07-12 V. H. Mankar , T. S. Das , S. Saha , S. K. Sarkar

In the task of image classification, usually, the network is sensitive to noises. For example, an image of cat with noises might be misclassified as an ostrich. Conventionally, to overcome the problem of noises, one uses the technique of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-17 Yang Liu , Hai-Long Tu , Chi-Chun Zhou , Yi Liu , Fu-Lin Zhang

Most digital cameras use sensors coated with a Color Filter Array (CFA) to capture channel components at every pixel location, resulting in a mosaic image that does not contain pixel values in all channels. Current research on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-05-24 Ramchalam Kinattinkara Ramakrishnan , Shangling Jui , Vahid Patrovi Nia

Watermarking combines an imperceptible change to an input image that will trigger a detector, to assert provenance and protect intellectual property. The literature has shown great interest in attacks on watermarking schemes: attackers are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Maria Bulychev , Neil G. Marchant , Benjamin I. P. Rubinstein

Video Watermarking serves as a new technology mainly used to provide security to the illegal distribution of digital video over the web. The purpose of any video watermarking scheme is to embed extra information into video in such a way…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2014-04-30 T. Srinivasa Rao , Rajasekhar R. Kurra

In this paper, we present an approach to image enhancement with diffusion model in underwater scenes. Our method adapts conditional denoising diffusion probabilistic models to generate the corresponding enhanced images by using the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-08 Yi Tang , Takafumi Iwaguchi , Hiroshi Kawasaki

To obtain the best resolution for any measurement there is an ever-present challenge to achieve maximal differentiation between signal and noise over as fine of sampling dimensions as possible. In diffraction science these issues are…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2023-10-23 James Weng , Niklas B. Thompson , Christopher Folmar , James D. Martin , Christina Hoffman

This work studied embedding positions of digital audio watermarking in wavelet domain, to make beginners understand the nature of watermarking in a short time. Based on the theory of wavelet transform, this paper analyzed statistical…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-10-23 Yangxia Hu , Maode Ma , Wenhuan Lu , Neal N. Xiong , Jianguo Wei

Deep learning has been achieving top performance in many tasks. Since training of a deep learning model requires a great deal of cost, we need to treat neural network models as valuable intellectual properties. One concern in such a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-01-21 Ryota Namba , Jun Sakuma

With the rapid advancement of speech generative models, unauthorized voice cloning poses significant privacy and security risks. Speech watermarking offers a viable solution for tracing sources and preventing misuse. Current watermarking…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Yang Cui , Peter Pan , Lei He , Sheng Zhao

Digital image watermarks as a security feature can be derived from the imager's physically unclonable functions (PUFs) by utilizing the manufacturing variations, i.e., the dark signal non-uniformity (DSNU). While a few demonstrations…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Md Sakibur Sajal , Marc Dandin

Recently, the research on protecting the intellectual properties (IP) of deep neural networks (DNN) has attracted serious concerns. A number of DNN copyright protection methods have been proposed. However, most of the existing watermarking…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Shichang Sun , Mingfu Xue , Jian Wang , Weiqiang Liu

Digital watermarking is widely used for copyright protection. Traditional 3D watermarking approaches or commercial software are typically designed to embed messages into 3D meshes, and later retrieve the messages directly from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-30 Innfarn Yoo , Huiwen Chang , Xiyang Luo , Ondrej Stava , Ce Liu , Peyman Milanfar , Feng Yang

To address the security risk caused by fixed offset mapping and the limited recoverability of random mapping used in image watermarking, we propose an image self-embedding fragile watermarking algorithm based on deneighborhood mapping.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-01-26 Yilong Wang , Zhenyu Li , Daofu Gong , Haoyu Lu , Fenlin Liu

With the rapid development of information technology and multimedia, the use of digital data is increasing day by day. So it becomes very essential to protect multimedia information from piracy and also it is challenging. A great deal of…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2013-07-15 Md. Maklachur Rahman

Watermarking diffusion-generated images is crucial for copyright protection and user tracking. However, current diffusion watermarking methods face significant limitations: zero-bit watermarking systems lack the capacity for large-scale…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Jiazheng Xing , Hai Ci , Hongbin Xu , Hangjie Yuan , Yong Liu , Mike Zheng Shou

We address the problem of watermarking graph objects, which consists in hiding information within them, to prove their origin. The two existing methods to watermark graphs use subgraph matching or graph isomorphism techniques, which are…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Jade Garcia Bourrée , Anne-Marie Kermarrec , Erwan Le Merrer , Othmane Safsafi