Related papers: A Formal Foundation for ODRL
We investigate the properties of formal languages expressible in terms of formulas over quantifier-free theories of word equations, arithmetic over length constraints, and language membership predicates for the classes of regular, visibly…
The Unified Modelling Language is emerging as a de-facto standard for modelling object-oriented systems. However, the semantics document that a part of the standard definition primarily provides a description of the language's syntax and…
The processing of XML documents often includes creation and validation. These two operations are typically performed in two different nodes within a computer network that do not correlate with each other. The process of creation is also…
Despite the impressive adaptability of large language models (LLMs), challenges remain in ensuring their security, transparency, and interpretability. Given their susceptibility to adversarial attacks, LLMs need to be defended with an…
In this paper we present a framework to analyze conflicts of contracts written in structured English. A contract that has manually been rewritten in a structured English is automatically translated into a formal language using the…
The Shapes Constraint Language (SHACL) is the recent W3C recommendation language for validating RDF data, by verifying certain shapes on graphs. Previous work has largely focused on the validation problem and the standard decision problems…
Although the intention of RDF is to provide an open, minimally constraining way for representing information, there exists an increasing number of applications for which guarantees on the structure and values of an RDF data set become…
TimeML is an XML-based schema for annotating temporal information over discourse. The standard has been used to annotate a variety of resources and is followed by a number of tools, the creation of which constitute hundreds of thousands of…
An essential element of any verification technique is that of identifying and communicating to the user, system behaviour which leads to a deviation from the expected behaviour. Such behaviours are typically made available as long traces of…
One relevant aspect in the development of the Semantic Web framework is the achievement of a real inter-agents communication capability at the semantic level. The agents should be able to communicate and understand each other using standard…
Large language models (LLMs) have taken the world by storm by making many previously difficult uses of AI feasible. LLMs are controlled via highly expressive textual prompts and return textual answers. Unfortunately, this unstructured text…
Proponents of the programming language Prolog share the opinion Prolog is more appropriate for transforming XML-documents as other well-established techniques and languages like XSLT. In order to clarify this position this work proposes a…
Practical implementations of high-level languages must provide access to libraries and system services that have APIs specified in a low-level language (usually C). An important characteristic of such mechanisms is the foreign-interface…
Large Language Models (LLMs) can solve previously intractable tasks given only natural-language instructions and a few examples, but they remain difficult to steer precisely and lack a key capability for building reliable software at scale:…
We introduce RLang, a domain-specific language (DSL) for communicating domain knowledge to an RL agent. Unlike existing RL DSLs that ground to \textit{single} elements of a decision-making formalism (e.g., the reward function or policy),…
The Object Constraint Language (OCL) is a declarative language that adds constraints and object query expressions to MOF models. Despite its potential to provide precision and conciseness to UML models, the unfamiliar syntax of OCL has…
One of the main aims of the so-called Web of Data is to be able to handle heterogeneous resources where data can be expressed in either XML or RDF. The design of programming languages able to handle both XML and RDF data is a key target in…
We present Semantic Interpreter, a natural language-friendly AI system for productivity software such as Microsoft Office that leverages large language models (LLMs) to execute user intent across application features. While LLMs are…
This paper proposes a programmable relation extraction method for the English language by parsing texts into semantic graphs. A person can define rules in plain English that act as matching patterns onto the graph representation. These…
Some aspects of the physical nature of language are discussed. In particular, physical models of language must exist that are efficiently implementable. The existence requirement is essential because without physical models no communication…