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We present results from our quantitative study of statistical and network properties of literary and scientific texts written in two languages: English and Polish. We show that Polish texts are described by the Zipf law with the scaling…

Physics and Society · Physics 2013-12-16 Iwona Grabska-Gradzinska , Andrzej Kulig , Jaroslaw Kwapien , Stanislaw Drozdz

While the use of statistical physics methods to analyze large corpora has been useful to unveil many patterns in texts, no comprehensive investigation has been performed investigating the properties of statistical measurements across…

Physics and Society · Physics 2013-07-04 Diego R. Amancio , Eduardo G. Altmann , Diego Rybski , Osvaldo N. Oliveira , Luciano da F. Costa

Punctuation is the main factor introducing correlations in natural language written texts and it crucially impacts their overall effectiveness, expressiveness, and readability. Punctuation marks at the end of sentences are of particular…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Jakub Dec , Michał Dolina , Stanisław Drożdż , Jarosław Kwapień , Tomasz Stanisz

Given a random text over a finite alphabet, we study the frequencies at which fixed-length words occur as subsequences. As the data size grows, the joint distribution of word counts exhibits a rich asymptotic structure. We investigate all…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-05-06 Chaim Even-Zohar , Tsviqa Lakrec , Ran J. Tessler

The time variation of the rank $k$ of words for six Indo-European languages is obtained using data from Google Books. For low ranks the distinct languages behave differently, maybe due to syntaxis rules, whereas for $k>50$ the law of large…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-02-04 Germinal Cocho , R. F. Rodríguez , Sergio Sánchez , Jorge Flores , Carlos Pineda , Carlos Gershenson

The Chapter starts with introductory information about quantitative linguistics notions, like rank--frequency dependence, Zipf's law, frequency spectra, etc. Similarities in distributions of words in texts with level occupation in quantum…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2024-01-04 Andrij Rovenchak

In this paper the Zipf-Mandelbrot law is revisited in the context of linguistics. Despite its widespread popularity the Zipf--Mandelbrot law can only describe the statistical behaviour of a rather restricted fraction of the total number of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-07 Marcelo A. Montemurro

The statistical methods derived and described in this thesis provide new ways to elucidate the structural properties of text and other symbolic sequences. Generically, these methods allow detection of a difference in the frequency of a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2012-07-10 Ted Dunning

Statistical methods have been widely employed in many practical natural language processing applications. More specifically, complex networks concepts and methods from dynamical systems theory have been successfully applied to recognize…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-03-04 Diego R. Amancio

We present a pipeline for a statistical textual exploration, offering a stylometry-based explanation and statistical validation of a hypothesized partition of a text. Given a parameterization of the text, our pipeline: (1) detects literary…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Gideon Yoffe , Axel Bühler , Nachum Dershowitz , Israel Finkelstein , Eli Piasetzky , Thomas Römer , Barak Sober

We study the variation of word frequencies in Russian literary texts. Our findings indicate that the standard deviation of a word's frequency across texts depends on its average frequency according to a power law with exponent $0.62,$…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-01-20 Vladislav Kargin

As is the case of many signals produced by complex systems, language presents a statistical structure that is balanced between order and disorder. Here we review and extend recent results from quantitative characterisations of the degree of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-03-05 Marcelo A Montemurro , Damián H Zanette

It is well known that the independence of the sample mean and the sample variance characterizes the normal distribution. By using Anosov's theorem, we further investigate the analogous characteristic properties in terms of the sample mean…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-12-14 Chin-Yuan Hu , Gwo Dong Lin

The review summarizes the main methodological concepts used in studying natural language from the perspective of complexity science and documents their applicability in identifying both universal and system-specific features of language in…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-01-09 Tomasz Stanisz , Stanisław Drożdż , Jarosław Kwapień

It is shown that a real novel shares many characteristic features with a null model in which the words are randomly distributed throughout the text. Such a common feature is a certain translational invariance of the text. Another is that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2009-10-14 Sebastian Bernhardsson , Luis Enrique Correa da Rocha , Petter Minnhagen

Zipf's law is just one out of many universal laws proposed to describe statistical regularities in language. Here we review and critically discuss how these laws can be statistically interpreted, fitted, and tested (falsified). The modern…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-05-27 Eduardo G. Altmann , Martin Gerlach

This study applies symbolic time series analysis and Markov modeling to explore the phonological structure of Evgenij Onegin-as captured through a graphemic vowel/consonant (V/C) encoding-and one contemporary Italian translation. Using a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Angelo Maria Sabatini

The main theme of this paper is the enumeration of the occurrence of a pattern in words and permutations. We mainly focus on asymptotic properties of the sequence $f_r^v(k,n),$ the number of $n$-array $k$-ary words that contain a given…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-05-15 Toufik Mansour , Reza Rastegar , Alexander Roitershtein

The paper introduces the recent results related to an entropy functional on trajectories of a controlled diffusion process, and the information path functional (IPF), analyzing their connections to the Kolmogorov's entropy, complexity and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2011-07-12 Vladimir S. Lerner

The results received in works [Centsov N.N. [N.N. Chentsov], Statistical decision rules and optimal inference, 1982 Amer. Math. Soc. (Translated from Russian); Morozova, E. A., Chentsov, N. N. Natural geometry of families of probability…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-10-10 V. V. Ryazanov