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In this paper we explore the decision regions of Linear Programming (LP) decoding. We compare the decision regions of an LP decoder, a Belief Propagation (BP) decoder and the optimal Maximum Likelihood (ML) decoder. We study the effect of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2011-06-15 Asi Lifshitz , Yair Be'ery

Iterative decoders used for decoding low-density parity-check (LDPC) and moderate-density parity-check (MDPC) codes are not characterized by a deterministic decoding radius and their error rate performance is usually assessed through…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-02-27 Paolo Santini , Massimo Battaglioni , Marco Baldi , Franco Chiaraluce

We present a novel algorithm that solves the turbo code LP decoding problem in a fininte number of steps by Euclidean distance minimizations, which in turn rely on repeated shortest path computations in the trellis graph representing the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-03-18 Michael Helmling , Stefan Ruzika

Belief propagation is known to perform extremely well in many practical statistical inference and learning problems using graphical models, even in the presence of multiple loops. The iterative use of belief propagation algorithm on loopy…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-02-13 Xiangqiong Shi , Dan Schonfeld , Daniela Tuninetti

Belief propagation is a widely used message passing method for the solution of probabilistic models on networks such as epidemic models, spin models, and Bayesian graphical models, but it suffers from the serious shortcoming that it works…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-04-27 Alec Kirkley , George T. Cantwell , M. E. J. Newman

Batched sparse (BATS) codes were proposed as a reliable communication solution for networks with packet loss. In the finite-length regime, the error probability of BATS codes under belief propagation (BP) decoding has been studied in the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Mingyang Zhu , Shenghao Yang , Ming Jiang , Chunming Zhao

We consider the problem of learned transform compression where we learn both, the transform as well as the probability distribution over the discrete codes. We utilize a soft relaxation of the quantization operation to allow for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-05 Magda Gregorová , Marc Desaules , Alexandros Kalousis

In the literature there exists analytical expressions for the probability of a receiver decoding a transmitted source message that has been encoded using random linear network coding. In this work, we look into the probability that the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-03-08 Jessica Claridge , Ioannis Chatzigeorgiou

In this work it is shown that locally repairable codes (LRCs) can be list-decoded efficiently beyond the Johnson radius for a large range of parameters by utilizing the local error-correction capabilities. The corresponding decoding radius…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-09-16 Lukas Holzbaur , Sven Puchinger , Antonia Wachter-Zeh

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly applied to complex tasks that require extended reasoning. In such settings, models often benefit from diverse chains-of-thought to arrive at multiple candidate solutions. This requires two…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Xueyan Li , Guinan Su , Mrinmaya Sachan , Jonas Geiping

This paper studies maximum likelihood(ML) decoding in error-correcting codes as rational maps and proposes an approximate ML decoding rule by using a Taylor expansion. The point for the Taylor expansion, which will be denoted by $p$ in the…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2010-06-30 Kazunori Hayashi , Yasuaki Hiraoka

We study analytically and numerically decoding properties of finite rate hypergraph-product quantum LDPC codes obtained from random (3,4)-regular Gallager codes, with a simple model of independent X and Z errors. Several non-trival lower…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-06-14 Alexey A. Kovalev , Sanjay Prabhakar , Ilya Dumer , Leonid P. Pryadko

Decoding strategies for generative large language models (LLMs) are a critical but often underexplored aspect of text generation tasks. Guided by specific hyperparameters, these strategies aim to transform the raw probability distributions…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Esteban Garces Arias , Meimingwei Li , Christian Heumann , Matthias Aßenmacher

In this paper, we study systematic Luby Transform (SLT) codes over additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel. We introduce the encoding scheme of SLT codes and give the bipartite graph for iterative belief propagation (BP) decoding…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-05-11 Shengkai Xu , Dazhuan Xu , Xiaofei Zhang , Hanqin Shao

Efficient decoding is crucial to high-throughput and power-sensitive wireless communication scenarios. A theoretical analysis of the performance-complexity tradeoff toward low-complexity decoding is required for a better understanding of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Qingqing Peng , Dawei Yin , Dongxu Chang , Yuan Li , Huazi Zhang , Guiying Yan , Guanghui Wang

Expectation Propagation is a generalization to Belief Propagation (BP) in two ways. First, it can be used with any exponential family distribution over the cliques in the graph. Second, it can impose additional constraints on the marginal…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2010-09-23 Pablo M. Olmos , Juan José Murillo-Fuentes

We present new message passing algorithms for performing inference with graphical models. Our methods are designed for the most difficult inference problems where loopy belief propagation and other heuristics fail to converge. Belief…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Anna Grim , Pedro Felzenszwalb

The decoding error probability of codes is studied as a function of their block length. It is shown that the existence of codes with a polynomially small decoding error probability implies the existence of codes with an exponentially small…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2007-07-13 Alexei Ashikhmin , Vitaly Skachek

In this paper, we develop a new decoding algorithm of a binary linear codes for symbol-pair read channels. Symbol-pair read channel has recently been introduced by Cassuto and Blaum to model channels with high write resolution but low read…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-12-21 Shunsuke Horii , Toshiyasu Matsushima , Shigeichi Hirasawa

The belief propagation (BP) based algorithm is investigated as a potential decoder for both of error correcting codes and lossy compression, which are based on non-monotonic tree-like multilayer perceptron encoders. We discuss that whether…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-03-18 Kazushi Mimura , Florent Cousseau , Masato Okada