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Efficient testing and vaccination protocols are critical aspects of epidemic management. To study the optimal allocation of limited testing and vaccination resources in a heterogeneous contact network of interacting susceptible, recovered,…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2026-05-12 Mingtao Xia , Lucas Böttcher , Tom Chou

We consider the problem of controlling the propagation of an epidemic outbreak in an arbitrary contact network by distributing vaccination resources throughout the network. We analyze a networked version of the…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2013-03-19 Victor M. Preciado , Michael Zargham , Chinwendu Enyioha , Ali Jadbabaie , George Pappas

In this paper, we propose two novel immunization strategies, i.e., combined immunization and duplex immunization, for SIS model in directed scale-free networks, and obtain the epidemic thresholds for them with linear and nonlinear…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-06-05 Wei Shi , Junbo Jia , Pan Yang , Xinchu Fu

We study localization of information on scale free networks with communication constraints when, for some reason, information can propagate only between ``mutually trusted nodes'' (MTN). We propose an algorithm to construct the MTN network…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-09-29 Kosmas Kosmidis , Armin Bunde

Computer infections such as viruses and worms spread over networks of contacts between computers, with different types of networks being exploited by different types of infections. Here we analyze the structures of several of these…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Justin Balthrop , Stephanie Forrest , M. E. J. Newman , Matthew M. Williamson

Random scale-free overlay topologies provide a number of properties like for example high resilience against failures of random nodes, small (average) diameter as well as good expansion and congestion characteristics that make them…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2013-07-16 Ingo Scholtes

This paper is concerned with the analysis of vaccination strategies in a stochastic SIR (susceptible $\to$ infected $\to$ removed) model for the spread of an epidemic amongst a population of individuals with a random network of social…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-11-16 Frank Ball , David Sirl

A more connected world has brought major consequences such as facilitate the spread of diseases all over the world to quickly become epidemics, reason why researchers are concentrated in modeling the propagation of epidemics and outbreaks…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-10-28 Lucila G. Alvarez Zuzek , Camila Buono , Lidia A. Braunstein

Viral spread on large graphs has many real-life applications such as malware propagation in computer networks and rumor (or misinformation) spread in Twitter-like online social networks. Although viral spread on large graphs has been…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-10-09 Milan Bradonjić , Michael Molloy , Guanhua Yan

If we can lower the number of people needed to vaccinate for a community to be immune against contagious diseases, we can save resources and life. A key to reach such a lower threshold of immunization is to find and vaccinate people who,…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2012-10-10 Sungmin Lee , Luis E. C. Rocha , Fredrik Liljeros , Petter Holme

Encounter-based network is a frequently-disconnected wireless ad-hoc network requiring immediate neighbors to store and forward aggregated data for information disseminations. Using traditional approaches such as gateways or firewalls for…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2007-06-28 Sapon Tanachaiwiwat , Ahmed Helmy

An encounter-based network is a frequently disconnected wireless ad-hoc network requiring nearby neighbors to store and forward data utilizing mobility and encounters over time. Using traditional approaches such as gateways or firewalls for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2007-06-15 Sapon Tanachaiwiwat , Ahmed Helmy

The effectiveness of vaccination highly depends on the choice of individuals to vaccinate, even if the same number of individuals are vaccinated. Vaccinating individuals with high centrality measures such as betweenness centrality (BC) and…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-12-30 Bukyoung Jhun

By analysing the diffusive dynamics of epidemics and of distress in complex networks, we study the effect of the assortativity on the robustness of the networks. We first determine by spectral analysis the thresholds above which…

Physics and Society · Physics 2012-11-26 Gregorio D'Agostino , Antonio Scala , Vinko Zlatić , Guido Caldarelli

We offer an example of an network model with a power law degree distribution, P(k) ~ k^{-alpha}, for nodes but which nevertheless has a well-defined geography and a nonzero threshold percolation probability for alpha>2, the range of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-07 C. P. Warren , L. M. Sander , I. M. Sokolov

We introduce a 2-layer network model for the study of the immunization dynamics in epidemics. Spreading of an epidemic is modeled as an excitatory process in a small-world network (body layer) while immunization by prevention for the…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2007-05-23 Hang-Hyun Jo , Hie-Tae Moon , Seung Ki Baek

Immunizing a subset of nodes in a network - enabling them to identify and withstand the spread of harmful content - is one of the most effective ways to counter the spread of malicious content. It has applications in network security,…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-12-30 Muhammad Ahmad , Sarwan Ali , Juvaria Tariq , Imdadullah Khan , Mudassir Shabbir , Arif Zaman

The Internet, as well as many other networks, has a very complex connectivity recently modeled by the class of scale-free networks. This feature, which appears to be very efficient for a communications network, favors at the same time the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-10-31 Romualdo Pastor-Satorras , Alessandro Vespignani

Most communication networks are complex. In this paper, we address one of the fundamental problems we are facing nowadays, namely, how we can efficiently protect these networks. To this end, we study an immunization strategy and found that…

Physics and Society · Physics 2007-05-23 Jesus Gomez-Gardenes , Pablo Echenique , Yamir Moreno

This study explores the vaccine prioritization strategy to reduce the overall burden of the pandemic when the supply is limited. Existing methods conduct macro-level or simplified micro-level vaccine distribution by assuming the homogeneous…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2023-05-10 Lu Ling , Washim Uddin Mondal , Satish V , Ukkusuri