Related papers: Expectation maximization as message passing
It is shown how expectation maximization (EM) may be viewed as a message passing algorithm in factor graphs. In particular, a general EM message computation rule is identified. As a factor graph tool, EM may be used to break cycles in a…
The paper proposes a new message passing algorithm for cycle-free factor graphs. The proposed "entropy message passing" (EMP) algorithm may be viewed as sum-product message passing over the entropy semiring, which has previously appeared in…
The Expectation--Maximization (EM) algorithm is a simple meta-algorithm that has been used for many years as a methodology for statistical inference when there are missing measurements in the observed data or when the data is composed of…
Expectation Maximization (EM) is among the most popular algorithms for estimating parameters of statistical models. However, EM, which is an iterative algorithm based on the maximum likelihood principle, is generally only guaranteed to find…
Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm is a widely used iterative algorithm for computing maximum likelihood estimate when dealing with Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM). When the sample size is smaller than the data dimension, this could lead…
In this paper, we firstly give a brief introduction of expectation maximization (EM) algorithm, and then discuss the initial value sensitivity of expectation maximization algorithm. Subsequently, we give a short proof of EM's convergence.…
We show that a large class of Estimation of Distribution Algorithms, including, but not limited to, Covariance Matrix Adaption, can be written as a Monte Carlo Expectation-Maximization algorithm, and as exact EM in the limit of infinite…
Dramatic increases in the size and dimensionality of many recent data sets make crucial the need for sophisticated methods that can exploit inherent structure and handle missing values. In this article we derive an expectation-maximization…
The family of Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithms provides a general approach to fitting flexible models for large and complex data. The expectation (E) step of EM-type algorithms is time-consuming in massive data applications because…
The Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm is a fundamental tool in unsupervised machine learning. It is often used as an efficient way to solve Maximum Likelihood (ML) estimation problems, especially for models with latent variables. It…
We study Sinkhorn EM (sEM), a variant of the expectation maximization (EM) algorithm for mixtures based on entropic optimal transport. sEM differs from the classic EM algorithm in the way responsibilities are computed during the expectation…
The Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm is one of the most popular methods used to solve the problem of parametric distribution-based clustering in unsupervised learning. In this paper, we propose to analyze a generalized EM (GEM)…
Expectation propagation is a general approach to fast approximate inference for graphical models. The existing literature treats models separately when it comes to deriving and coding expectation propagation inference algorithms. This comes…
Bayesian graphical models are a useful tool for understanding dependence relationships among many variables, particularly in situations with external prior information. In high-dimensional settings, the space of possible graphs becomes…
Expectation maximization (EM) is a technique for estimating maximum-likelihood parameters of a latent variable model given observed data by alternating between taking expectations of sufficient statistics, and maximizing the expected log…
Expectation maximisation (EM) is an unsupervised learning method for estimating the parameters of a finite mixture distribution. It works by introducing "hidden" or "latent" variables via Baum's auxiliary function $Q$ that allow the joint…
The expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm introduced by Dempster et al in 1977 is a very general method to solve maximum likelihood estimation problems. In this informal report, we review the theory behind EM as well as a number of EM…
Parameter estimation in logistic regression is a well-studied problem with the Newton-Raphson method being one of the most prominent optimization techniques used in practice. A number of monotone optimization methods including…
Social networks represent nowadays in many contexts the main source of information transmission and the way opinions and actions are influenced. For instance, generic advertisements are way less powerful than suggestions from our contacts.…
We present the design of an autoregressive active inference agent in the form of message passing on a factor graph. Expected free energy is derived and distributed across a planning graph. The proposed agent is validated on a robot…