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The analysis of pulsar timing data, especially in pulsar timing array (PTA) projects, has encountered practical difficulties: evaluating the likelihood and/or correlation-based statistics can become prohibitively computationally expensive…
An algorithm is presented to update the multi-fractal spectrum of a time series in constant time when new data arrives. The discrete wavelet transform (DWT) of the time series is first updated for the new data value. This is done optimally…
Shapelet-based algorithms are widely used for time series classification because of their ease of interpretation, but they are currently outperformed by recent state-of-the-art approaches. We present a new formulation of time series…
In order to allow machine learning algorithms to extract knowledge from raw data, these data must first be cleaned, transformed, and put into machine-appropriate form. These often very time-consuming phase is referred to as preprocessing.…
Frequency-filtered photon correlations have been proven to be extremely useful in grasping how the detection process alters photon statistics. Harnessing the spectral correlations also permits refinement of the emission and unraveling of…
Direct detection of gravitational waves by pulsar timing arrays will become feasible over the next few years. In the low frequency regime ($10^{-7}$ Hz -- $10^{-9}$ Hz), we expect that a superposition of gravitational waves from many…
The voting method, an ensemble approach for fundamental frequency estimation, is empirically known for its robustness but lacks thorough investigation. This paper provides a principled analysis and improvement of this technique. First, we…
The problem of detecting the presence of a signal that can lead to a disaster is studied. A decision-maker collects data sequentially over time. At some point in time, called the change point, the distribution of data changes. This change…
Dynamical decoupling pulse sequences have been used to extend coherence times in quantum systems ever since the discovery of the spin-echo effect. Here we introduce a method of recursively concatenated dynamical decoupling pulses, designed…
Compared with the start-of-art energy integration detectors (EIDs), photon-counting detectors (PCDs) with energy discrimination capabilities have demonstrated great potentials in various applications of medical x-ray radiography and…
Accurate spectrum prediction is crucial for dynamic spectrum access (DSA) and resource allocation. However, due to the unique characteristics of spectrum data, existing methods based on the time or frequency domain often struggle to…
Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) greatly reduces sensitivity of radio observations to astrophysical signals and creates false positive candidates in searches for radio transients. Real signals are missed while considerable computational…
The sensitivity of the displacement transducer pumped with a train of high-intensity laser pulses is estimated. Due to the multicomponent character of the pump a consideration of transformations of the signal and the noises between optical…
The rotational Doppler effect, for which the frequency shift is proportional to the light's orbital angular momentum $\ell$ and the object's rotational speed ($\Delta f \propto\ell \Omega$), has proven to be a powerful tool for detecting…
We present a new method of wavelet packet decomposition to be used in gravitational wave detection. An issue in wavelet analysis is what is the time-frequency resolution which is best suited to analyze data when in quest of a signal of…
Prior to adjustment, accounting conditions between national accounts data sets are frequently violated. Benchmarking is the procedure used by economic agencies to make such data sets consistent. It typically involves adjusting a high…
Fourier phasing is the problem of retrieving Fourier phase information from Fourier intensity data. The standard Fourier phase retrieval (without a mask) is known to have many solutions which cause the standard phasing algorithms to…
Fluctuations in a vast range of physical systems can be described as a superposition of uncorrelated pulses with a fixed shape, a process commonly referred to as a (generalized) shot noise or a filtered Poisson process. In this…
Dispersion scan is a self-referenced measurement technique for ultrashort pulses. Similar to frequency-resolved optical gating, the dispersion scan technique records the dependence of nonlinearly generated spectra as a function of a…
We are experiencing an explosion in the amount of sensors measuring our activities and the world around us. These sensors are spread throughout the built environment and can help us perform state estimation and control of related systems,…