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We revisit known constructions of efficient learning algorithms from various notions of constructive circuit lower bounds such as distinguishers breaking pseudorandom generators or efficient witnessing algorithms which find errors of small…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2020-12-29 Ján Pich

Circuits are fundamental objects in linear programming and oriented matroid theory, representing the elementary difference vectors of a polyhedron between points in its affine space. A recent concept introduced by Ekbatani, Natura, and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-12-08 Steffen Borgwardt , Nicholas Crawford , Sean Kafer , Jon Lee , Angela Morrison

We prove tight lower bounds for the following variant of the counting problem considered by Aaronson, Kothari, Kretschmer, and Thaler (2020). The task is to distinguish whether an input set $x\subseteq [n]$ has size either $k$ or…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-08 Aleksandrs Belovs , Ansis Rosmanis

The recent proliferation of NISQ devices has made it imperative to understand their computational power. In this work, we define and study the complexity class $\textsf{NISQ} $, which is intended to encapsulate problems that can be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-14 Sitan Chen , Jordan Cotler , Hsin-Yuan Huang , Jerry Li

The area of computing with uncertainty considers problems where some information about the input elements is uncertain, but can be obtained using queries. For example, instead of the weight of an element, we may be given an interval that is…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-01-15 Thomas Erlebach , Michael Hoffmann , Murilo S. de Lima

We exhibit some simple gadgets useful in designing shallow parallel circuits for quantum algorithms. We prove that any quantum circuit composed entirely of controlled-not gates or of diagonal gates can be parallelized to logarithmic depth,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-09-25 Cristopher Moore , Martin Nilsson

Quantum circuits are time dependent diagrams describing the process of quantum computation. Usually, a quantum algorithm must be mapped into a quantum circuit. Optimal synthesis of quantum circuits is intractable and heuristic methods must…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-02-27 D. Maslov , G. W. Dueck , D. M. Miller , C. Negrevergne

Quantum computers hold unprecedented potentials for machine learning applications. Here, we prove that physical quantum circuits are PAC (probably approximately correct) learnable on a quantum computer via empirical risk minimization: to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-04 Haoyuan Cai , Qi Ye , Dong-Ling Deng

Many proposed applications of neural networks in machine learning, cognitive/brain science, and society hinge on the feasibility of inner interpretability via circuit discovery. This calls for empirical and theoretical explorations of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Federico Adolfi , Martina G. Vilas , Todd Wareham

Random instances of feedforward Boolean circuits are studied both analytically and numerically. Evaluating these circuits is known to be a P-complete problem and thus, in the worst case, believed to be impossible to perform, even given a…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2011-07-25 Jon Machta , Simon DeDeo , Stephan Mertens , Cristopher Moore

In the standard oracle model, an oracle efficiently evaluates an unknown classical function independent of the quantum algorithm itself. Quantum algorithms have a complex interrelationship to their oracles; for example the possibility of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-29 Cica Gustiani , David P. DiVincenzo

We investigate the following question: if a polynomial can be evaluated at rational points by a polynomial-time boolean algorithm, does it have a polynomial-size arithmetic circuit? We argue that this question is certainly difficult.…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2007-10-02 Pascal Koiran , Sylvain Perifel

The oracle model of computation is believed to allow a rigorous proof of quantum over classical computational superiority. Since quantum and classical oracles are essentially different, a correspondence principle is commonly implicitly used…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Antoni Wojcik Ravindra W. Chhajlany

Quantum computation requires large classical datasets to be embedded into quantum states in order to exploit quantum parallelism. However, this embedding requires considerable resources. It would therefore be desirable to avoid it, if…

Partitioning oracles were introduced by Hassidim et al. (FOCS 2009) as a generic tool for constant-time algorithms. For any epsilon > 0, a partitioning oracle provides query access to a fixed partition of the input bounded-degree minor-free…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2011-06-24 Alan Edelman , Avinatan Hassidim , Huy N. Nguyen , Krzysztof Onak

We study the complexity of securely evaluating arithmetic circuits over finite rings. This question is motivated by natural secure computation tasks. Focusing mainly on the case of two-party protocols with security against malicious…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2008-11-08 Yuval Ishai , Manoj Prabhakaran , Amit Sahai

Relativizing computations of Turing machines to an oracle is a central concept in the theory of computation, both in complexity theory and in computability theory(!). Inspired by lowness notions from computability theory, Allender…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2017-12-29 Laurent Bienvenu , Rod Downey

The rapid evolution of quantum devices fuels concerted efforts to experimentally establish quantum advantage over classical computing. Many demonstrations of quantum advantage, however, rely on computational assumptions and face…

In this paper we give a characterization of both Boolean and arithmetic circuit classes of logarithmic depth in the vein of descriptive complexity theory, i.e., the Boolean classes $\textrm{NC}^1$, $\textrm{SAC}^1$ and $\textrm{AC}^1$ as…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2017-10-09 Arnaud Durand , Anselm Haak , Heribert Vollmer

We consider the problem of minimizing a smooth, Lipschitz, convex function over a compact, convex set using sub-zeroth-order oracles: an oracle that outputs the sign of the directional derivative for a given point and a given direction, an…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-03-02 Mustafa O. Karabag , Cyrus Neary , Ufuk Topcu