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Emergency-relevant data comes in many varieties. It can be high volume and high velocity, and reaction times are critical, calling for efficient and powerful techniques for data analysis and management. Knowledge graphs represent data in a…
These days, vast amounts of knowledge are available online, most of it in written form. Search engines help us access this knowledge, but aggregating, relating and reasoning with it is still a predominantly human effort. One of the key…
XML is a standard and universal language for representing information. XML processing is supported by two key frameworks: DOM and SAX. SAX is efficient, but leaves the developer to encode much of the processing. This paper introduces a…
Large language models (LLMs) have greatly improved their capability in performing NLP tasks. However, deeper semantic understanding, contextual coherence, and more subtle reasoning are still difficult to obtain. The paper discusses…
Working with documents is a key part of almost any knowledge work, from contextualizing research in a literature review to reviewing legal precedent. Recently, as their capabilities have expanded, primarily text-based NLP systems have often…
Natural Language Processing (NLP) has been revolutionized by the use of Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) such as BERT. Despite setting new records in nearly every NLP task, PLMs still face a number of challenges including poor…
Text documents can be described by a number of abstract concepts such as semantic category, writing style, or sentiment. Machine learning (ML) models have been trained to automatically map documents to these abstract concepts, allowing to…
The Semantic Web drives towards the use of the Web for interacting with logically interconnected data. Through knowledge models such as Resource Description Framework (RDF), the Semantic Web provides a unifying representation of richly…
The fundamental issue in knowledge representation is to provide a precise definition of the knowledge that they possess in a manner that is independent of procedural considerations, context free and easy to manipulate, exchange and reason…
Archived collections of documents (like newspaper and web archives) serve as important information sources in a variety of disciplines, including Digital Humanities, Historical Science, and Journalism. However, the absence of efficient and…
The semantic mapping problem is probably the main obstacle to computer-to-computer communication. If computer A knows that its concept X is the same as computer B's concept Y, then the two machines can communicate. They will in effect be…
As multiple crises threaten the sustainability of our societies and pose at risk the planetary boundaries, complex challenges require timely, updated, and usable information. Natural-language processing (NLP) tools enhance and expand data…
The aim of this paper is to introduce the idea of the Semantic Web to the Complexity community and set a basic ground for a project resulting in creation of Internet-based semantic network of Complexity-related information providers.…
The design of complex engineering systems is an often long and articulated process that highly relies on engineers' expertise and professional judgment. As such, the typical pitfalls of activities involving the human factor often manifest…
Semantic Web is, without a doubt, gaining momentum in both industry and academia. The word "Semantic" refers to "meaning" - a semantic web is a web of meaning. In this fast changing and result oriented practical world, gone are the days…
The Semantic Web through technologies such to support the canonical representation information and presenting it to users in a method by which its meaning can be understood or at least communi- cated and interpreted by all parties. As the…
Representing structured text from complex documents typically calls for different machine learning techniques, such as language models for paragraphs and convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for table extraction, which prohibits drawing…
A large number of machine translation approaches have recently been developed to facilitate the fluid migration of content across languages. However, the literature suggests that many obstacles must still be dealt with to achieve better…
The most exciting challenge for CRIS is to create a service for research information which should be wide-spread, distributed and actual like Google, but at the same time structured, trusted, with a complex search and navigation similar to…
The emerging Web of Data utilizes the web infrastructure to represent and interrelate data. The foundational standards of the Web of Data include the Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) and the Resource Description Framework (RDF). URIs are…