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Firms strategically disclose product information in order to attract consumers, but recipients often find it costly to process all of it, especially when products have complex features. We study a model of competitive information disclosure…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2020-02-04 Vasudha Jain , Mark Whitmeyer

Online advertising is currently the greatest source of revenue for many Internet giants. The increased number of specialized websites and modern profiling techniques, have all contributed to an explosion of the income of ad brokers from…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2010-02-12 Hamed Haddadi

Email phishing has become more prevalent and grows more sophisticated over time. To combat this rise, many machine learning (ML) algorithms for detecting phishing emails have been developed. However, due to the limited email data sets on…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-19 Mariya Shmalko , Alsharif Abuadbba , Raj Gaire , Tingmin Wu , Hye-Young Paik , Surya Nepal

Phishing attacks are one of the trending cyber attacks that apply socially engineered messages that are communicated to people from professional hackers aiming at fooling users to reveal their sensitive information, the most popular…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-08-09 Adwan Yasin , Abdelmunem Abuhasan

The problem of detecting phishing emails through machine learning techniques has been discussed extensively in the literature. Conventional and state-of-the-art machine learning algorithms have demonstrated the possibility of building…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Luis Felipe Gutiérrez , Faranak Abri , Miriam Armstrong , Akbar Siami Namin , Keith S. Jones

For machine learning datasets to accurately represent diverse opinions in a population, they must preserve variation in data labels while filtering out spam or low-quality responses. How can we balance annotator reliability and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Eve Fleisig , Matthias Orlikowski , Philipp Cimiano , Dan Klein

Several end-to-end encryption technologies for emails such as PGP and S/MIME exist since decades. However, end-to-end encryption is barely applied. To understand why users hesitate to secure their email communication and which usability…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-13 Adrian Reuter , Karima Boudaoud , Marco Winckler , Ahmed Abdelmaksoud , Wadie Lemrazzeq

A simple advertising strategy that can be used to help increase sales of a product is to mail out special offers to selected potential customers. Because there is a cost associated with sending each offer, the optimal mailing strategy…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-01-18 David Maxwell Chickering , David Heckerman

Phishing attacks frequently use email body obfuscation to bypass detection filters, but quantitative insights into how techniques are combined and their impact on filter scores remain limited. This paper addresses this gap by empirically…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Antony Dalmiere , Zheng Zhou , Guillaume Auriol , Vincent Nicomette , Pascal Marchand

Naive Bayes spam filters are highly susceptible to data poisoning attacks. Here, known spam sources/blacklisted IPs exploit the fact that their received emails will be treated as (ground truth) labeled spam examples, and used for classifier…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-11-02 David J. Miller , Xinyi Hu , Zhen Xiang , George Kesidis

Phishing constitutes more than 90\% of successful cyberattacks globally, remaining one of the most persistent threats to organizational security. Despite organizations tripling their cybersecurity budgets between 2015 and 2025, the human…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Rebeka Toth , Richard A. Dubniczky , Olga Limonova , Norbert Tihanyi

In the pursuit of an effective spam detection system, the focus has often been on identifying known spam patterns either through rule-based detection systems or machine learning (ML) solutions that rely on keywords. However, both systems…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Sachin Shukla , Omid Mirzaei

Enterprise security is increasingly being threatened by social engineering attacks, such as phishing, which deceive employees into giving access to enterprise data. To protect both the users themselves and enterprise data, more and more…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-22 Mithün Paul , Genevieve Bartlett , Jelena Mirkovic , Marjorie Freedman

Text phish messages, referred to as Smishing is a type of social engineering attack where fake text messages are created, and used to lure users into responding to those messages. These messages aim to obtain user credentials, install…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-29 Muhammad Lutfor Rahman , Daniel Timko , Hamid Wali , Ajaya Neupane

Supervised learning classifiers inevitably make mistakes in production, perhaps mis-labeling an email, or flagging an otherwise routine transaction as fraudulent. It is vital that the end users of such a system are provided with a means of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Joshua Lockhart , Samuel Assefa , Ayham Alajdad , Andrew Alexander , Tucker Balch , Manuela Veloso

Phishing is recognised as a serious threat to organisations and individuals. While there have been significant technical advances in blocking phishing attacks, people remain the last line of defence after phishing emails reach their email…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-17 Sijie Zhuo , Robert Biddle , Yun Sing Koh , Danielle Lottridge , Giovanni Russello

The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) has heightened the threat of phishing emails by enabling the generation of highly targeted, personalized, and automated attacks. Traditionally, many phishing emails have been characterized by…

PayPal is an account-based system that allows anyone with an email address to send and receive online payment s. This service is easy to use for customers. Members can instantaneously send money to anyone. Recipients are informed by email…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Archil Avaliani

Mass robocalls affect millions of people on a daily basis. Unfortunately, most current defenses against robocalls rely on phone blocklists and are ineffective against caller ID spoofing. To enable the detection of spoofed robocalls, we…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-08-11 Sharbani Pandit , Jienan Liu , Roberto Perdisci , Mustaque Ahamad

We address the problem of large scale real-time classification of content posted on social networks, along with the need to rapidly identify novel spam types. Obtaining manual labels for user-generated content using editorial labeling and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-08-26 Ishita Doshi , Sreekalyan Sajjalla , Jayesh Choudhari , Rushi Bhatt , Anirban Dasgupta