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We prove an analogue for homogeneous trees and certain affine buildings of a result of Bourgain on pinned distances in sets of positive density in Euclidean spaces. Furthermore, we construct an example of a non-homogeneous tree with…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-07-15 M. Björklund , A. Fish , J. Parkinson

On trees of fixed order, we show a direct relation between Kemeny's constant and Wiener index, and provide a new formula of Kemeny's constant from the relation with a combinatorial interpretation. Moreover, the relation simplifies proofs of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-09-26 Jihyeug Jang , Sooyeong Kim , Minho Song

We obtain new non-asymptotic tail bounds for the height of uniformly random trees with a given degree sequence, simply generated trees and conditioned Bienaym\'e trees (the family trees of branching processes), in the process settling three…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-03-11 Louigi Addario-Berry , Serte Donderwinkel

Labeled infinite trees provide combinatorial interpretations for many integer sequences generated by nested recurrence relations. Typically, such sequences are monotone increasing. Several of these sequences also have straightforward…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-11-07 Nathan Fox

We obtain a sharp upper bound for the length of arbitrary non-associative algebra and present an example demonstrating the sharpness of our bound. To show this we introduce a new method of characteristic sequences based on linear algebra…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-02-25 Alexander E. Guterman , Dmitrii K. Kudryavtsev

By using Andrews's explicit formulae of the $q$-Fibonacci sequence introduced by Schur, we prove certain congruences of the $q$-Fibonacci sequence which relate the sequence with the original Fibonacci sequence. As a corollary, we show that…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-01-31 Takumi Anzawa , Hidetaka Funakura

This paper introduces the concept of the Fibonacci Word Index $\operatorname{FWI}$, a novel topological index derived from the Albertson index, applied to trees constructed from Fibonacci words. Building upon the classical Fibonacci…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-04 Jasem Hamoud , Duaa Abdullah

We consider weighted generating functions of trees where the weights are products of functions of the sizes of the subtrees. This work begins with the observation that three different communities, largely independently, found substantially…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-12-19 Bradley R. Jones , Karen Yeats

This paper investigates some properties of the number of subtrees of a tree with given degree sequence. These results are used to characterize trees with the given degree sequence that have the largest number of subtrees, which generalizes…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-09-04 Xiu-Mei Zhang , Xiao-Dong Zhang , Daniel Gray , Hua Wang

The paper contains enumerative combinatorics for positive braids, square free braids, and simple braids, emphasizing connections with classical Fibonacci sequence. The simple subgraph of the Cayley graph of the braid group is analyzed in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-05-10 Rehana Ashraf , Barbu Berceanu , Ayesha Riasat

We build on recent work of Yeats, Courtiel, and others involving connected chord diagrams. We first derive from a Hopf-algebraic foundation a class of tree-like functional equations and prove that they are solved by weighted generating…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-04-07 Lukas Nabergall

We discuss an interesting sequence defined recursively; namely, sequence A105774 from the On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, and study some of its properties. Our main tools are Fibonacci representation, finite automata, and the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-01-03 Benoit Cloitre , Jeffrey Shallit

An interesting open problem in number theory asks whether it is possible to walk to infinity on primes, where each term in the sequence has one more digit than the previous. In this paper, we study its variation where we walk on the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-08-30 Steven J. Miller , Fei Peng , Tudor Popescu , Nawapan Wattanawanichkul

In this paper we implement an n-ary Huffman Encoding and Decoding application using different degrees of tree structures. Our goal is to compare the performance of the algorithm in terms of compression ratio, decompression speed and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-05-18 Ioannis S. Xezonakis , Svoronos Leivadaros

In this paper, we study the theory of the harmonic and the hyperharmonic Fibonacci numbers. Also, we get some combinatoric identities like as harmonic and hyperharmonic numbers and we obtain some useful formulas for $\mathbb{F}_{n}$, which…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-03-28 Naim Tuglu , Can Kızılateş , Seyhun Kesim

To each link $L$ in $S^3$ we associate a collection of certain labelled directed trees, called width trees. We interpret some classical and new topological link invariants in terms of these width trees and show how the geometric structure…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2021-09-28 Qidong He , Scott A. Taylor

We present a quite curious generalization of multi-step Fibonacci numbers. For any positive rational $q$, we enumerate binary words of length $n$ whose maximal factors of the form $0^a1^b$ satisfy $a = 0$ or $aq > b$. When $q$ is an integer…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-07-18 Sergey Kirgizov

We study growth rates of generalised Fibonacci sequences of a particular structure. These sequences are constructed from choosing two real numbers for the first two terms and always having the next term be either the sum or the difference…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-02-22 Kevin Hare , J. C. Saunders

We define some new sequences of recursively constructed random combinatorial trees, and show that, after properly rescaling graph distance and equipping the trees with the uniform measure on vertices, each sequence converges almost surely…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-11-07 Nathan Ross , Yuting Wen

This paper investigates the natural density and structural relationships within Fibonacci words, the density of a Fibonacci word is $\operatorname{DF}(F_k)=n/(n+m),$ where $m$ denote the number of zeros in a Fibonacci word and $n$ denote…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-29 Duaa Abdullah , Jasem Hamoud