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A path in an edge-colored graph is called proper if no two consecutive edges of the path receive the same color. For a connected graph $G$, the proper connection number $pc(G)$ of $G$ is defined as the minimum number of colors needed to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-03-29 Fei Huang , Xueliang Li , Zhongmei Qin , Colton Magnant , Kenta Ozeki

We introduce a variant of the vertex-distinguishing edge coloring problem, where each edge is assigned a subset of colors. The label of a vertex is the union of the sets of colors on edges incident to it. In this paper we investigate the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Nicolas Bousquet , Antoine Dailly , Eric Duchene , Hamamache Kheddouci , Aline Parreau

If $k\geq 0$, then a $k$-edge-coloring of a graph $G$ is an assignment of colors to edges of $G$ from the set of $k$ colors, so that adjacent edges receive different colors. A $k$-edge-colorable subgraph of $G$ is maximum if it is the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2018-07-18 Liana Karapetyan , Vahan Mkrtchyan

The curling number of a graph G is defined as the number of times an element in the degree sequence of G appears the maximum. Graph colouring is an assignment of colours, labels or weights to the vertices or edges of a graph. A colouring…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2018-04-06 C. Susanth , N. K. Sudev , S. J. Kalayathankal

The competition graph of a digraph $D$ is a (simple undirected) graph which has the same vertex set as $D$ and has an edge between two distinct vertices $x$ and $y$ if and only if there exists a vertex $v$ in $D$ such that $(x,v)$ and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-12-25 Suh-Ryung Kim , Jung Yeun Lee , Boram Park , Yoshio Sano

A graph $G$ is called interval colorable if it has a proper edge coloring with colors $1,2,3,\dots$ such that the colors of the edges incident to every vertex of $G$ form an interval of integers. Not all graphs are interval colorable; in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-06-08 Armen S. Asratian , Carl Johan Casselgren , Petros A. Petrosyan

A path in an edge-colored graph is called a proper path if no two adjacent edges of the path receive the same color. For a connected graph $G$, the proper connection number $pc(G)$ of $G$ is defined as the minimum number of colors needed to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-02-25 Fei Huang , Xueliang Li , Zhongmei Qin , Colton Magnant

An outer-1-planar graph is a graph admitting a drawing in the plane so that all vertices appear in the outer region of the drawing and every edge crosses at most one other edge. This paper establishes the local structure of outer-1-planar…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Yan Li , Xin Zhang

A \emph{proper $t$-edge-coloring} of a graph $G$ is a mapping $\alpha: E(G)\rightarrow \{1,\ldots,t\}$ such that all colors are used, and $\alpha(e)\neq \alpha(e^{\prime})$ for every pair of adjacent edges $e,e^{\prime}\in E(G)$. If $\alpha…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-01-31 Petros A. Petrosyan , Hrant H. Khachatrian

A path in an edge-colored graph is called a monochromatic path if all edges of the path have a same color. We call $k$ paths $P_1,\cdots,P_k$ rainbow monochromatic paths if every $P_i$ is monochromatic and for any two $i\neq j$, $P_i$ and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-01-07 Ping Li , Xueliang Li

An edge-coloring of a graph $G$ with colors $1,\ldots,t$ is called an \emph{interval $t$-coloring} if all colors are used and the colors of edges incident to each vertex of $G$ are distinct and form an interval of integers. In 1990,…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2023-03-22 Arsen Hambardzumyan , Levon Muradyan

In this paper, we use the concept of colored edge graphs to model homogeneous faults in networks. We then use this model to study the minimum connectivity (and design) requirements of networks for being robust against homogeneous faults…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2012-07-24 Yongge Wang , Yvo Desmedt

A graph is called 1-planar if it can be drawn on the plane so that each edge is crossed by at most one other edge. In this paper, we establish a local property of 1-planar graphs which describes the structure in the neighborhood of small…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2011-01-04 Xin Zhang , Guizhen Liu , Jian-Liang Wu

We consider the problem of list edge coloring for planar graphs. Edge coloring is the problem of coloring the edges while ensuring that two edges that are incident receive different colors. A graph is k-edge-choosable if for any assignment…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2013-03-19 Marthe Bonamy

Graph theory is a branch of mathematics in which pair-wise relations between objects are studied. My PhD thesis, supervised by David R. Wood, introduces and investigates a new family of graphs, called link graphs, that generalises the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-05-27 Bin Jia

This paper examines vertex colorings of graphs with constraints on the distribution of colors in vertex neighborhoods. We introduce color 2-switches and color degree matrices. The color degree matrix of a $k$-colored graph is an analog of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-09 Karen L. Collins , Jonelle Hook , Cayla McBee , Ann N. Trenk

Three edges $e_{1}, e_{2}$ and $e_{3}$ in a graph $G$ are consecutive if they form a path (in this order) or a cycle of length three. An injective edge coloring of a graph $G = (V,E)$ is a coloring $c$ of the edges of $G$ such that if…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-10-12 Domingos M. Cardoso , J. Orestes Cerdeira , J. Pedro Cruz , Charles Dominic

Many variations of the classical graph coloring model have been intensively studied due to their multiple applications; scheduling problems and aircraft assignments, for instance, motivate the robust coloring problem. This model gets to…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Delia Garijo , Alberto Márquez , Rafael Robles

Given an n-vertex graph G, a drawing of G in the plane is a mapping of its vertices into points of the plane, and its edges into continuous curves, connecting the images of their endpoints. A crossing in such a drawing is a point where two…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2010-10-20 Julia Chuzhoy , Yury Makarychev , Anastasios Sidiropoulos

We consider vertex coloring of an acyclic digraph $\Gdag$ in such a way that two vertices which have a common ancestor in $\Gdag$ receive distinct colors. Such colorings arise in a natural way when bounding space for various genetic data…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-06-12 Geir Agnarsson , Agust Egilsson , Magnus Mar Halldorsson