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Related papers: The Algebra of Utility Inference

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We propose an axiomatic foundation of mathematics based on the finite sequence as the foundational concept, rather than based on logic and set, as in set theory, or based on type as in dependent type theories. Finite sequences lead to a…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-05-10 Saul Youssef

We investigate the application of classification techniques to utility elicitation. In a decision problem, two sets of parameters must generally be elicited: the probabilities and the utilities. While the prior and conditional probabilities…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-02-01 Urszula Chajewska , Lise Getoor , Joseph Norman , Yuval Shahar

The random utility model, a cornerstone in economics, is axiomatized by Falmagne (1978) and McFadden and Richter (1990) with the assumption that if a menu is observable, the choice frequencies of all alternatives are also observable.…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-10-07 Haruki Kono , Kota Saito , Alec Sandroni

Jakob Bernoulli, working in the late 17th century, identified a gap in contemporary probability theory. He cautioned that it was inadequate to specify force of proof (probability of provability) for some kinds of uncertain arguments. After…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-09-10 Brian Shay , Patrick Brazil

Linear representations for a subclass of boolean symmetric functions selected by a parity condition are shown to constitute a generalization of the linear constraints on probabilities introduced by Boole. These linear constraints are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-04-12 Silvio Ursic

Addressing the question of how to achieve optimal decision-making under risk and uncertainty is crucial for enhancing the capabilities of artificial agents that collaborate with or support humans. In this work, we address this question in…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-08-02 Nicole Orzan , Erman Acar , Davide Grossi , Patrick Mannion , Roxana Rădulescu

Real-valued logics underlie an increasing number of neuro-symbolic approaches, though typically their logical inference capabilities are characterized only qualitatively. We provide foundations for establishing the correctness and power of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-09-01 Ronald Fagin , Ryan Riegel , Alexander Gray

People care about decision outcomes and how decisions get made, both when making decisions and reflecting on decisions. But formalizing the full range of normative concerns that drive decisions is an open challenge. We introduce Axiomatic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Ben Abramowitz , Nicholas Mattei

The introduction of first-class type classes in the Coq system calls for re-examination of the basic interfaces used for mathematical formalization in type theory. We present a new set of type classes for mathematics and take full advantage…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2011-02-08 Bas Spitters , Eelis van der Weegen

Towards the realization of a sustainable, fair and inclusive society, we proposed a novel decision-making model that incorporates social norms in a rational choice model from the standpoints of deontology and utilitarianism. We proposed a…

Tackling the problem of ordinal preference revelation and reasoning, we propose a novel methodology for generating an ordinal utility function from a set of qualitative preference statements. To the best of our knowledge, our proposal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-07-09 Carmel Domshlak , Thorsten Joachims

Classical probability theory is formulated using sets. In this paper, we extend classical probability theory with propositional computability logic. Unlike other formalisms, computability logic is built on the notion of events/games, which…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-06-23 Keehang Kwon

We obtain an elementary characterization of expected utility based on a representation of choice in terms of psychological gambles, which requires no assumption other than coherence between ex-ante and ex-post preferences. Weaker version of…

General Economics · Economics 2024-11-05 Gianluca Cassese

This paper presents a comprehensive formalization of the von Neumann-Morgenstern (vNM) expected utility theorem using the Lean 4 interactive theorem prover. We implement the classical axioms of preference-completeness, transitivity,…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-06-10 Li Jingyuan

We develop a tractable model of realization utility that studies the role of reference-dependent S-shaped preferences in a dynamic investment setting with reinvestment. Our model generates both voluntarily realized gains and losses. It…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2014-08-14 Jonathan E. Ingersoll , Lawrence J. Jin

Primitive recursion, mu-recursion, universal object and universe theories, complexity controlled iteration, code evaluation, soundness, decidability, G\"odel incompleteness theorems, inconsistency provability for set theory, constructive…

Logic · Mathematics 2015-04-14 Michael Pfender

We propose an integration of possibility theory into non-classical logics. We obtain many formal results that generalize the case where possibility and necessity functions are based on classical logic. We show how useful such an approach is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-02-28 Philippe Besnard , Jerome Lang

I explain a direct approach to differentiation and integration. Instead of relying on the general notions of real numbers, limits and continuity, we treat functions as the primary objects of our theory, and view differentiation as division…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2009-05-25 Michael Livshits

We study the helpful product reviews identification problem in this paper. We observe that the evidence-conclusion discourse relations, also known as arguments, often appear in product reviews, and we hypothesise that some argument-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-07-25 Haijing Liu , Yang Gao , Pin Lv , Mengxue Li , Shiqiang Geng , Minglan Li , Hao Wang

The consideration of nonstandard models of the real numbers and the definition of a qualitative ordering on those models provides a generalization of the principle of maximization of expected utility. It enables the decider to assign…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Daniel Lehmann