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We give a complexity dichotomy theorem for the counting Constraint Satisfaction Problem (#CSP in short) with complex weights. To this end, we give three conditions for its tractability. Let F be any finite set of complex-valued functions,…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-03-19 Jin-Yi Cai , Xi Chen

We intend to create new concepts aimed at finding necessary and sufficient conditions for Boolean satisfiability so that these conditions can be verified in polynomial time. Based on these conditions it will be possible to create an…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Stepan Margaryan

The Kochen-Specker no-go theorem established that hidden-variable theories in quantum mechanics necessarily admit contextuality. This theorem is formally stated in terms of the partial Boolean algebra structure of projectors on a Hilbert…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-02 Anuj Dawar , Nihil Shah

We prove the #P-hardness of the counting problems associated with various satisfiability, graph and combinatorial problems, when restricted to planar instances. These problems include \begin{romannum} \item[{}] {\sc 3Sat, 1-3Sat, 1-Ex3Sat,…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Harry B. Hunt , Madhav V. Marathe , Venkatesh Radhakrishnan , Richard E. Stearns

Deciding whether a graph can be embedded in a grid using only unit-length edges is NP-complete, even when restricted to binary trees. However, it is not difficult to devise a number of graph classes for which the problem is polynomial, even…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2012-04-13 Vinícius G. P. de Sá , Guilherme D. da Fonseca , Raphael Machado , Celina M. H. de Figueiredo

Given a pair of graphs $\textbf{A}$ and $\textbf{B}$, the problems of deciding whether there exists either a homomorphism or an isomorphism from $\textbf{A}$ to $\textbf{B}$ have received a lot of attention. While graph homomorphism is…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-07-08 Silvia Butti , Victor Dalmau

Many complex questions in biology, physics, and mathematics can be mapped to the graph isomorphism problem and the closely related graph automorphism problem. In particular, these problems appear in the context of network visualization,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2012-11-14 Charo I. Del Genio , Thilo Gross

While 3-SAT is NP-hard, 2-SAT is solvable in polynomial time. Austrin, Guruswami, and H\r{a}stad roved a result known as "$(2+\varepsilon)$-SAT is NP-hard" [FOCS'14/SICOMP'17]. They showed that the problem of distinguishing k-CNF formulas…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2021-09-10 Alex Brandts , Marcin Wrochna , Stanislav Živný

Constraint satisfaction problems (or CSPs) have been extensively studied in, for instance, artificial intelligence, database theory, graph theory, and statistical physics. From a practical viewpoint, it is beneficial to approximately solve…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2012-10-17 Tomoyuki Yamakami

Satisfiability problems play a central role in computer science and engineering as a general framework for studying the complexity of various problems. Schaefer proved in 1978 that truth satisfaction of propositional formulas given a…

Logic · Mathematics 2015-01-14 Ludovic Patey

We consider the complexity of counting homomorphisms from an $r$-uniform hypergraph $G$ to a symmetric $r$-ary relation $H$. We give a dichotomy theorem for $r>2$, showing for which $H$ this problem is in FP and for which $H$ it is…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2010-01-04 Martin Dyer , Leslie Ann Goldberg , Mark Jerrum

The Dichotomy Conjecture for constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs) states that every CSP is in P or is NP-complete (Feder-Vardi, 1993). It has been verified for conservative problems (also known as list homomorphism problems) by A.…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2013-08-02 Laszlo Egri , Pavol Hell , Benoit Larose , Arash Rafiey

Hybrid logic with binders is an expressive specification language. Its satisfiability problem is undecidable in general. If frames are restricted to N or general linear orders, then satisfiability is known to be decidable, but of…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2012-06-13 Stefan Göller , Arne Meier , Martin Mundhenk , Thomas Schneider , Michael Thomas , Felix Weiss

We prove a complexity dichotomy theorem for a class of Holant problems on planar 3-regular bipartite graphs. The complexity dichotomy states that for every weighted constraint function $f$ defining the problem (the weights can even be…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2023-03-30 Jin-Yi Cai , Austen Z. Fan

We determine the computational complexity of approximately counting the total weight of variable assignments for every complex-weighted Boolean constraint satisfaction problem (or CSP) with any number of additional unary (i.e., arity 1)…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-05-19 Tomoyuki Yamakami

Boolean satisfiability problem has applications in various fields. An efficient algorithm to solve satisfiability problem can be used to solve many other problems efficiently. The input of satisfiability problem is a finite set of clauses.…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2021-05-25 Manoj Kumar

Correspondence homomorphisms are both a generalization of standard homomorphisms and a generalization of correspondence colourings. For a fixed target graph $H$, the problem is to decide whether an input graph $G$, with each edge labeled by…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2018-03-30 Tomas Feder , Pavol Hell

In this paper, I consider a fine-grained dichotomy of Boolean counting constraint satisfaction problem (#CSP), under the exponential time hypothesis of counting version (#ETH). Suppose $\mathscr{F}$ is a finite set of algebraic…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2022-02-08 Ying Liu

We show NP-completeness for several planar variants of the monotone satisfiability problem with bounded variable appearances. With one exception the presented variants have an associated bipartite graph where the vertex degree is bounded by…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-04-20 Andreas Darmann , Janosch Döcker , Britta Dorn

Representing graphs by their homomorphism counts has led to the beautiful theory of homomorphism indistinguishability in recent years. Moreover, homomorphism counts have promising applications in database theory and machine learning, where…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Jan Böker , Louis Härtel , Nina Runde , Tim Seppelt , Christoph Standke