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Information theory is a practical and theoretical framework developed for the study of communication over noisy channels. Its probabilistic basis and capacity to relate statistical structure to function make it ideally suited for studying…
Information theory, introduced by Shannon, has been extremely successful and influential as a mathematical theory of communication. Shannon's notion of information does not consider the meaning of the messages being communicated but only…
The notion of Shannon entropy is crucial for the theory of classical information. In quantum information theory, an analogous key role is played by the von Neumann entropy: quantum information processing is closely related to entropy…
This work proposes a novel computing performance unit grounded in information theory. Modern computing systems are increasingly diverse, supporting low-precision formats, hardware specialization, and emerging paradigms such as analog,…
In this thesis I present a short review of ideas in quantum information theory. The first chapter contains introductory material, sketching the central ideas of probability and information theory. Quantum mechanics is presented at the level…
Shannon information theory is established based on probability and bits, and the communication technology based on this theory realizes the information age. The original goal of Shannon's information theory is to describe and transmit…
This work is a discussion on the concept of information. We define here information as an abstraction that is able to be copied. We consider the connection between the process of copying information in quantum systems and the emergence of…
We reconstruct the explicit formalism of qubit quantum theory from elementary rules on an observer's information acquisition. Our approach is purely operational: we consider an observer O interrogating a system S with binary questions and…
This article introduces the physics of information in the context of molecular biology and genomics. Entropy and information, the two central concepts of Shannon's theory of information and communication, are often confused with each other…
A method of representing probabilistic aspects of quantum systems is introduced by means of a density function on the space of pure quantum states. In particular, a maximum entropy argument allows us to obtain a natural density function…
The mathematical formalism of quantum theory has been successfully used in human cognition to model decision processes and to deliver representations of human knowledge. As such, quantum cognition inspired tools have improved technologies…
Classical and quantum information theory are simply explained. To be more specific it is clarified why Shannon entropy is used as measure of classical information and after a brief review of quantum mechanics it is possible to demonstrate…
The goal of the presented paper is to provide an introduction to the basic computational models used in quantum information theory. We review various models of quantum Turing machine, quantum circuits and quantum random access machine…
The problems of causality, modeling, and control for chaotic, high-dimensional dynamical systems are formulated in the language of information theory. The central quantity of interest is the Shannon entropy, which measures the amount of…
The subject of quantum computing brings together ideas from classical information theory, computer science, and quantum physics. This review aims to summarise not just quantum computing, but the whole subject of quantum information theory.…
Several concrete examples in quantum information are discussed to demonstrate the importance of proper modeling that relates the mathematical description to real-world applications. In particular, it is shown that some commonly accepted…
Experiments in cognitive science and decision theory show that the ways in which people combine concepts and make decisions cannot be described by classical logic and probability theory. This has serious implications for applied disciplines…
A preliminary model of meaningful quanta of information arising from the quantum vacuum, and giving rise to the elementary quantum fields, is presented. We attempt to establish an equivalence of information and physical action, with the…
In Shannon's seminal paper, entropy of printed English, treated as a stationary stochastic process, was estimated to be roughly 1 bit per character. However, considered as a means of communication, language differs considerably from its…
In this work we build a theoretical framework for the transport of information in quantum systems. This is a framework aimed at describing how out of equilibrium open quantum systems move information around their state space, using an…