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A new method for multinomial inference is proposed by representing the cell probabilities as unordered segments on the unit interval and following Dempster-Shafer (DS) theory. The resulting DS posterior is then strengthened to improve…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-10-10 Earl C. Lawrence , Alexander C. Murph , Scott A. Vander Wiel , Chaunhai Liu

Refining one's hypotheses in the light of data is a common scientific practice; however, the dependency on the data introduces selection bias and can lead to specious statistical analysis. An approach for addressing this is via conditioning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Jen Ning Lim , Makoto Yamada , Wittawat Jitkrittum , Yoshikazu Terada , Shigeyuki Matsui , Hidetoshi Shimodaira

Mathematical Theory of Evidence called also Dempster-Shafer Theory (DST) is known as a foundation for reasoning when knowledge is expressed at various levels of detail. Though much research effort has been committed to this theory since its…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-07-14 Mieczysław A. Kłopotek

To develop an approach to utilizing continuous statistical information within the Dempster- Shafer framework, we combine methods proposed by Strat and by Shafero We first derive continuous possibility and mass functions from…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-04-12 Pascal Fua

In Intelligence Analysis it is of vital importance to manage uncertainty. Intelligence data is almost always uncertain and incomplete, making it necessary to reason and taking decisions under uncertainty. One way to manage the uncertainty…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Johan Schubert

This paper develops a unified identification framework for counterfactual analysis in incomplete models characterized by support and moment restrictions. I demonstrate that identifying structural parameters and conducting counterfactual…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-03-10 Lixiong Li

Results on approximate deduction in the context of the calculus of evidence of Dempster-Shafer and the theory of interval probabilities are reported. Approximate conditional knowledge about the truth of conditional propositions was assumed…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-04-12 Enrique H. Ruspini

This paper suggests a new interpretation of the Dempster-Shafer theory in terms of probabilistic interpretation of plausibility. A new rule of combination of independent evidence is shown and its preservation of interpretation is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-04-07 Mieczysław Kłopotek

We revisit logistic regression and its nonlinear extensions, including multilayer feedforward neural networks, by showing that these classifiers can be viewed as converting input or higher-level features into Dempster-Shafer mass functions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-13 Thierry Denoeux

Dempster-Shafer's model aims at quantifying degrees of belief But there are so many interpretations of Dempster-Shafer's theory in the literature that it seems useful to present the various contenders in order to clarify their respective…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-04-05 Philippe Smets

The combination of evidence in Dempster-Shafer theory is compared with the combination of evidence in probabilistic logic. Sufficient conditions are stated for these two methods to agree. It is then shown that these conditions are minimal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-04-11 Daniel Hunter

We present Claim-Dissector: a novel latent variable model for fact-checking and analysis, which given a claim and a set of retrieved evidences jointly learns to identify: (i) the relevant evidences to the given claim, (ii) the veracity of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Martin Fajcik , Petr Motlicek , Pavel Smrz

A random set is a generalisation of a random variable, i.e. a set-valued random variable. The random set theory allows a unification of other uncertainty descriptions such as interval variable, mass belief function in Dempster-Shafer theory…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-11-27 Truong-Vinh Hoang , Hermann G. Matthies

One important obstacle in applying Dempster-Shafer Theory (DST) is its relationship to frequencies. In particular, there exist serious difficulties in finding factorizations of belief functions from data. In probability theory…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-12-17 Andrzej Matuszewski , Mieczysław A. Kłopotek

Recovering and distinguishing between the strict-preference, indifference and/or indecisiveness parts of a decision maker's preferences is a challenging task but also important for testing theory and conducting welfare analysis. This paper…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-09-15 Georgios Gerasimou

We develop our interpretation of the joint belief distribution and of evidential updating that matches the following basic requirements: * there must exist an efficient method for reasoning within this framework * there must exist a clear…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-04-14 Mieczysław Kłopotek

This paper presents two new promising rules of combination for the fusion of uncertain and potentially highly conflicting sources of evidences in the framework of the theory of belief functions in order to palliate the well-know limitations…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-05-23 M. C. Florea , J. Dezert , P. Valin , F. Smarandache , Anne-Laure Jousselme

Random permutation set (RPS) is a new formalism for reasoning with uncertainty involving order information. Measuring the conflict between two pieces of evidence represented by permutation mass functions remains an open issue in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Ruolan Cheng , Yong Deng

A considerable body of work in AI has been concerned with aggregating measures of confirmatory and disconfirmatory evidence for a common set of propositions. Claiming classical probability to be inadequate or inappropriate, several…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-04-15 Benjamin N. Grosof

This paper considers inference for a function of a parameter vector in a partially identified model with many moment inequalities. This framework allows the number of moment conditions to grow with the sample size, possibly at exponential…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-07-02 Alexandre Belloni , Federico Bugni , Victor Chernozhukov