Related papers: Glottochronology and problems of protolanguage rec…
Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) combine the natural language understanding and generation capabilities of LLMs with perception skills in modalities such as image and audio, representing a key advancement in contemporary AI. This…
Linguistic typology studies the range of structures present in human language. The main goal of the field is to discover which sets of possible phenomena are universal, and which are merely frequent. For example, all languages have vowels,…
Different from other sequential data, sentences in natural language are structured by linguistic grammars. Previous generative conversational models with chain-structured decoder ignore this structure in human language and might generate…
The evolution of languages closely resembles the evolution of haploid organisms. This similarity has been recently exploited \cite{GA,GJ} to construct language trees. The key point is the definition of a distance among all pairs of…
Theoretical background and an implementation of the (p)-group generation algorithm by Newman and O'Brien are used to provide computational evidence of a new type of periodically repeating patterns in pruned descendant trees of finite…
Phylogenetic methods have broad potential in linguistics beyond tree inference. Here, we show how a phylogenetic approach opens the possibility of gaining historical insights from entirely new kinds of linguistic data--in this instance,…
Categorial methods for generating new local algebras from old ones are presented. A direct proof of the differential structure of the prolongations of a manifold is proposed.
This paper contains what the Georgetown InfoSense group has done in regard to solving the challenges presented by TREC iKAT 2023. Our submitted runs outperform the median runs by a significant margin, exhibiting superior performance in nDCG…
Understanding the dynamics of genome rearrangements is a major issue of phylogenetics. Phylogenetics is the study of species evolution. A major goal of the field is to establish evolutionary relationships within groups of species, in order…
Motivation: Millions of genes in the modern species belong to only thousands of `gene families'. A gene family includes instances of the same gene in different species (orthologs) and duplicate genes in the same species (paralogs). Genes…
A phylogenetic tree is a graphical representation of an evolutionary history of taxa in which the leaves correspond to the taxa and the non-leaves correspond to speciations. One of important problems in phylogenetic analysis is to assemble…
With this paper, we survey techniques for improving the predictive accuracy of pretrained large language models by allocating additional compute at inference time. In categorizing test-time scaling methods, we place special emphasis on how…
In synchronous rewriting, the productions of two rewriting systems are paired and applied synchronously in the derivation of a pair of strings. We present a new synchronous rewriting system and argue that it can handle certain phenomena…
Many recent studies have shown that the perception of speech can be decoded from brain signals and subsequently reconstructed as continuous language. However, there is a lack of neurological basis for how the semantic information embedded…
A New Trinomial Recombination Tree Algorithm and Its Applications
What makes some types of languages more probable than others? For instance, we know that almost all spoken languages contain the vowel phoneme /i/; why should that be? The field of linguistic typology seeks to answer these questions and,…
The ancestral sequence reconstruction problem is the inference, back in time, of the properties of common sequence ancestors from measured properties of contemporary populations. Standard algorithms for this problem assume independent…
Past research has identified a rich set of handcrafted linguistic features that can potentially assist various tasks. However, their extensive number makes it difficult to effectively select and utilize existing handcrafted features.…
Bayesian approaches to reconstructing the evolutionary history of languages rely on the tree model, which assumes that these languages descended from a common ancestor and underwent modifications over time. However, this assumption can be…
The reconstruction of a central tendency `species tree' from a large number of conflicting gene trees is a central problem in systematic biology. Moreover, it becomes particularly problematic when taxon coverage is patchy, so that not all…