English
Related papers

Related papers: Mining the Web for Synonyms: PMI-IR versus LSA on …

200 papers

Document alignment aims to identify pairs of documents in two distinct languages that are of comparable content or translations of each other. Such aligned data can be used for a variety of NLP tasks from training cross-lingual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Ahmed El-Kishky , Francisco Guzmán

Similarity is a comparative-subjective measure that varies with the domain within which it is considered. In several NLP applications such as document classification, pattern recognition, chatbot question-answering, sentiment analysis,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-11 Manuela Nayantara Jeyaraj , Dharshana Kasthurirathna

Learning to Rank (LTR) models learn from historical user interactions, such as user clicks. However, there is an inherent bias in the clicks of users due to position bias, i.e., users are more likely to click highly-ranked documents than…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Zeyan Liang , Graham McDonald , Iadh Ounis

Automatically highlighting words that cause semantic differences between two documents could be useful for a wide range of applications. We formulate recognizing semantic differences (RSD) as a token-level regression task and study three…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Jannis Vamvas , Rico Sennrich

We introduce the SEER (Span-based Emotion Evidence Retrieval) Benchmark to test Large Language Models' (LLMs) ability to identify the specific spans of text that express emotion. Unlike traditional emotion recognition tasks that assign a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Aneesha Sampath , Oya Aran , Emily Mower Provost

As language models accelerate scientific research by automating hypothesis generation and implementation, a new bottleneck emerges: evaluating and filtering hundreds of AI-generated ideas without exhaustive experimentation. We ask whether…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Srujan P Mule , Aniketh Garikaparthi , Manasi Patwardhan

The evaluative character of a word is called its semantic orientation. Positive semantic orientation indicates praise (e.g., "honest", "intrepid") and negative semantic orientation indicates criticism (e.g., "disturbing", "superfluous").…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Peter D. Turney , Michael L. Littman

Despite bilingual speakers frequently using mixed-language queries in web searches, Information Retrieval (IR) research on them remains scarce. To address this, we introduce MiLQ, Mixed-Language Query test set, the first public benchmark of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Jonghwi Kim , Deokhyung Kang , Seonjeong Hwang , Yunsu Kim , Jungseul Ok , Gary Lee

Complex questions that require inferencing and synthesizing information from multiple documents can be seen as a kind of topic-oriented, informative multi-document summarization where the goal is to produce a single text as a compressed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2014-01-16 Yllias Chali , Shafiq Rayhan Joty , Sadid A. Hasan

While contextualized word embeddings have been a de-facto standard, learning contextualized phrase embeddings is less explored and being hindered by the lack of a human-annotated benchmark that tests machine understanding of phrase…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-03 Thang M. Pham , Seunghyun Yoon , Trung Bui , Anh Nguyen

We consider the problem of creating document representations in which inter-document similarity measurements correspond to semantic similarity. We first present a novel subspace-based framework for formalizing this task. Using this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Rie Kubota Ando , Lillian Lee

We introduce The Benchmark of Linguistic Minimal Pairs (shortened to BLiMP), a challenge set for evaluating what language models (LMs) know about major grammatical phenomena in English. BLiMP consists of 67 sub-datasets, each containing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-15 Alex Warstadt , Alicia Parrish , Haokun Liu , Anhad Mohananey , Wei Peng , Sheng-Fu Wang , Samuel R. Bowman

We present an unsupervised learning algorithm that mines large text corpora for patterns that express implicit semantic relations. For a given input word pair X:Y with some unspecified semantic relations, the corresponding output list of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Peter D. Turney

The evaluative character of a word is called its semantic orientation. A positive semantic orientation implies desirability (e.g., "honest", "intrepid") and a negative semantic orientation implies undesirability (e.g., "disturbing",…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Peter D. Turney , Michael L. Littman

A common heuristic in semi-supervised deep learning (SSDL) is to select unlabelled data based on a notion of semantic similarity to the labelled data. For example, labelled images of numbers should be paired with unlabelled images of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-27 Saul Calderon-Ramirez , Luis Oala

Existing large language models (LLMs) evaluation methods typically focus on testing the performance on some closed-environment and domain-specific benchmarks with human annotations. In this paper, we explore a novel unsupervised evaluation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Kun-Peng Ning , Shuo Yang , Yu-Yang Liu , Jia-Yu Yao , Zhen-Hui Liu , Yong-Hong Tian , Yibing Song , Li Yuan

An extensive library of symptom inventories has been developed over time to measure clinical symptoms, but this variety has led to several long standing issues. Most notably, results drawn from different settings and studies are not…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Eamonn Kennedy , Shashank Vadlamani , Hannah M Lindsey , Kelly S Peterson , Kristen Dams OConnor , Kenton Murray , Ronak Agarwal , Houshang H Amiri , Raeda K Andersen , Talin Babikian , David A Baron , Erin D Bigler , Karen Caeyenberghs , Lisa Delano-Wood , Seth G Disner , Ekaterina Dobryakova , Blessen C Eapen , Rachel M Edelstein , Carrie Esopenko , Helen M Genova , Elbert Geuze , Naomi J Goodrich-Hunsaker , Jordan Grafman , Asta K Haberg , Cooper B Hodges , Kristen R Hoskinson , Elizabeth S Hovenden , Andrei Irimia , Neda Jahanshad , Ruchira M Jha , Finian Keleher , Kimbra Kenney , Inga K Koerte , Spencer W Liebel , Abigail Livny , Marianne Lovstad , Sarah L Martindale , Jeffrey E Max , Andrew R Mayer , Timothy B Meier , Deleene S Menefee , Abdalla Z Mohamed , Stefania Mondello , Martin M Monti , Rajendra A Morey , Virginia Newcombe , Mary R Newsome , Alexander Olsen , Nicholas J Pastorek , Mary Jo Pugh , Adeel Razi , Jacob E Resch , Jared A Rowland , Kelly Russell , Nicholas P Ryan , Randall S Scheibel , Adam T Schmidt , Gershon Spitz , Jaclyn A Stephens , Assaf Tal , Leah D Talbert , Maria Carmela Tartaglia , Brian A Taylor , Sophia I Thomopoulos , Maya Troyanskaya , Eve M Valera , Harm Jan van der Horn , John D Van Horn , Ragini Verma , Benjamin SC Wade , Willian SC Walker , Ashley L Ware , J Kent Werner , Keith Owen Yeates , Ross D Zafonte , Michael M Zeineh , Brandon Zielinski , Paul M Thompson , Frank G Hillary , David F Tate , Elisabeth A Wilde , Emily L Dennis

We fine-tuned and compared several encoder-based Transformer large language models (LLM) to predict differential item functioning (DIF) from the item text. We then applied explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) methods to these models to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Hotaka Maeda , Yikai Lu

The vocabulary gap is a core challenge in information retrieval (IR). In e-commerce applications like product search, the vocabulary gap is reported to be a bigger challenge than in more traditional application areas in IR, such as news…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Fatemeh Sarvi , Nikos Voskarides , Lois Mooiman , Sebastian Schelter , Maarten de Rijke

We present an algorithm that takes an unannotated corpus as its input, and returns a ranked list of probable morphologically related pairs as its output. The algorithm tries to discover morphologically related pairs by looking for pairs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Marco Baroni , Johannes Matiasek , Harald Trost