Related papers: On the Significance of Digits in Interval Notation
The concepts of similarity and distance are crucial in data mining. We consider the problem of defining the distance between two data sets by comparing summary statistics computed from the data sets. The initial definition of our distance…
A sequence of recent papers has considered the role of measurement scales in information retrieval (IR) experimentation, and presented the argument that (only) uniform-step interval scales should be used, and hence that well-known metrics…
C. Shannon introduced the notion of entropy for random sequences. What about their temperature? After discussing some methods for introducing information temperature (IT) for binary random stationary ergodic sequence, we suggest using IT as…
Normalised citation counts are routinely used to assess the average impact of research groups or nations. There is controversy over whether confidence intervals for them are theoretically valid or practically useful. In response, this…
Modern language models (LMs) exhibit strong deductive reasoning capabilities, yet standard evaluations emphasize correctness while overlooking a key aspect of reasoning: efficiency. In real-world reasoning scenarios, much of the available…
Clustering provides a common means of identifying structure in complex data, and there is renewed interest in clustering as a tool for the analysis of large data sets in many fields. A natural question is how many clusters are appropriate…
Tagging facilitates information retrieval in social media and other online communities by allowing users to organize and describe online content. Researchers found that the efficiency of tagging systems steadily decreases over time, because…
We study the frequentist properties of confidence intervals computed by the method known to statisticians as the Profile Likelihood. It is seen that the coverage of these intervals is surprisingly good over a wide range of possible…
Ideally, the time that an incremental algorithm uses to process a change should be a function of the size of the change rather than, say, the size of the entire current input. Based on a formalization of ``the set of things changed'' by an…
Age of Information is an interesting metric that captures the freshness of information in the underlying applications. It is a combination of both packets inter-arrival time and packet transmission delay. In recent times, advanced real-time…
The majority of modern systems exhibit sophisticated concurrent behaviour, where several system components modify and observe the system state with fine-grained atomicity. Many systems (e.g., multi-core processors, real-time controllers)…
Iterative numerical algorithms are typically equipped with a stopping criterion, where the iteration process is terminated when some error or misfit measure is deemed to be below a given tolerance. This is a useful setting for comparing…
As is the case of many signals produced by complex systems, language presents a statistical structure that is balanced between order and disorder. Here we review and extend recent results from quantitative characterisations of the degree of…
Heuristic algorithms are able to optimize objective functions efficiently because they use intelligently the information about the objective functions. Thus, information utilization is critical to the performance of heuristics. However, the…
Measuring Mutual Information (MI) between high-dimensional, continuous, random variables from observed samples has wide theoretical and practical applications. Recent work, MINE (Belghazi et al. 2018), focused on estimating tight…
Trying to be effective (no matter who exactly and in what field) a person face the problem which inevitably destroys all our attempts to easily get to a desired goal. The problem is the existence of some insuperable barriers for our mind,…
In order to understand the information loss problem, non-perturbative effects will do significant roles. Instantons are in general helpful for this purpose. There are various and rich thin-shell instantons and tunneling channels that…
According to a popular belief, the decimal digits of mathematical constants such as {\pi} behave like statistically independent random variables, each taking the values 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 with equal probability of 1/10. If…
Walley's Imprecise Dirichlet Model (IDM) for categorical data overcomes several fundamental problems which other approaches to uncertainty suffer from. Yet, to be useful in practice, one needs efficient ways for computing the…
The study of decimal numbers in secondary education is often approached from algorithmic perspectives, which limits students' understanding of their structure. This paper presents the task Footprints of the Walking of Numbers, a dynamic…