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Coordinating functional parts to operate in concert is essential for machinery. In gear trains, meshed gears are compactly interlocked, working together to impose rotation or translation. In photosynthetic systems, a variety of biological…

Biological Physics · Physics 2021-05-10 Pengfei Zhan , Maximilian J. Urban , Steffen Both , Xiaoyang Duan , Anton Kuzyk , Thomas Weiss , Na Liu

Self-assembly in natural and synthetic molecular systems can create complex aggregates or materials whose properties and functionality rises from their internal structure and molecular arrangement. The key microscopic features that control…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-09-03 Alberto Scacchi , Maria Sammalkorpi , Tapio Ala-Nissila

Self-assembly refers to the process by which small, simple components mix and combine to form complex structures using only local interactions. Designed as a hybrid between tile assembly models and cellular automata, the Tile Automata (TA)…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2019-06-06 John Calvin Alumbaugh , Joshua J. Daymude , Erik D. Demaine , Matthew J. Patitz , Andrea W. Richa

DNA self-assembly is a well-understood nanotechnology to obtain extremely ordered structures from the nanometer to up to the hundred of microns scale. By contrast, DNA hydrogels rely on the disordered assembly of DNA building blocks to…

Ordered nanoarrays, i.e. regular patterns of quantum structures at the nanometre scale, have recently been synthesized in a wide range of systems. Here I explore a possible route to technological exploitation: assuming a simple form of…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2007-05-23 Simon C. Benjamin

Discovering the 3D atomic structure of molecules such as proteins and viruses is a fundamental research problem in biology and medicine. Electron Cryomicroscopy (Cryo-EM) is a promising vision-based technique for structure estimation which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-11-18 Marcus A. Brubaker , Ali Punjani , David J. Fleet

Tile-based self-assembly systems are capable of universal computation and algorithmically-directed growth. Systems capable of such behavior typically make use of "glue cooperation" in which the glues on at least $2$ sides of a tile must…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2019-03-15 Daniel Hader , Matthew J. Patitz

An important goal of self-assembly is to achieve a preprogrammed structure with high fidelity. Here, we control the valence of DNA-functionalized emulsions to make linear and branched model polymers, or `colloidomers'. The distribution of…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2018-10-03 Angus McMullen , Miranda Holmes-Cerfon , Francesco Sciortino , Alexander Y. Grosberg , Jasna Brujic

Molecular motor proteins form the basis of cellular dynamics. Recently, notable efforts have led to the creation of their DNA-based mimics, which can carry out complex nanoscale motion. However, such functional analogues have not yet been…

Biological Physics · Physics 2021-05-14 Kerstin Goepfrich , Maximilian J. Urban , Christoph Frey , Ilia Platzman , Joachim P. Spatz , Na Liu

DNA plays a special role in polymer science not just because of the highly selective recognition of complementary single DNA strands but also because bacteria can express DNA chains that are very long yet perfectly monodisperse. The latter…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-06-18 Nienke Geerts , Erika Eiser

In analogy with classic rigidity problems of networks and frames, the elastic properties of hydrogels made of DNA nanostars (DNAns) are expected to strongly depend on the precise geometry of their building blocks. However, it is currently…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-02-03 Yair Augusto Gutierrez Fosado

We develop a multi-scale approach to simulate hydrated nanobio systems under realistic condi- tions (e.g., nanoparticles and protein solutions at physiological conditions over time-scales up to hours). We combine atomistic simulations of…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2017-07-05 Oriol Vilanova , Valentino Bianco , Giancarlo Franzese

Manually authoring 3D shapes is difficult and time consuming; generative models of 3D shapes offer compelling alternatives. Procedural representations are one such possibility: they offer high-quality and editable results but are difficult…

We show the first non-trivial positive algorithmic results (i.e. programs whose output is larger than their size), in a model of self-assembly that has so far resisted many attempts of formal analysis or programming: the planar…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2014-07-11 Pierre-Étienne Meunier

In this work we propose a generalization of Winfree's abstract Tile Assembly Model (aTAM) in which tile types are assigned rigid shapes, or geometries, along each tile face. We examine the number of distinct tile types needed to assemble…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2015-03-19 Bin Fu , Matthew J. Patitz , Robert T. Schweller , Bobby Sheline

Working in Winfree's abstract tile assembly model, we show that a constant-size tile assembly system can be programmed through relative tile concentrations to build an n x n square with high probability, for any sufficiently large n. This…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-03-13 David Doty

Controlled synthesis of materials with specified atomic structures underpins technological advances yet remains reliant on iterative, trial-and-error approaches. Nanoparticles (NPs), whose atomic arrangement dictates their emergent…

An ideal nanofabrication method should allow the organization of nanoparticles and molecules with nanometric positional precision, stoichiometric control and well-defined orientation. The DNA origami technique has evolved into a highly…

We report on a molecular simulation method which captures the self-assembly of cationic lipid-DNA (CL-DNA) gene delivery complexes. Computational efficiency required for large length- and time-scale simulations is achieved through a…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2007-05-23 Oded Farago , Niels Grønbech-Jensen , Philip Pincus

High read depth can be used to assemble short sequence repeats. The existing genome assemblers fail in repetitive regions of longer than average read. I propose a new algorithm for a DNA assembly which uses the relative frequency of reads…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2015-01-08 Robert M. Nowak