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Related papers: HTTP Cookies: Standards, Privacy, and Politics

200 papers

The web is global, but privacy laws differ by country. Which set of privacy rules do websites follow? We empirically study this question by detecting and analyzing cookie notices in an automated way. We crawl 1,500 European, American, and…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-10-20 Rob van Eijk , Hadi Asghari , Philipp Winter , Arvind Narayanan

We need to rethink our approach to defend privacy on the internet. Currently, policymakers focus heavily on the idea of informed consent as a means to defend privacy. For instance, in many countries the law requires firms to obtain an…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Frederik Zuiderveen Borgesius

The massive growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) as a network of interconnected entities [18], brings up new challenges in terms of privacy and security requirements to the traditional software engineering domain [4]. To protect the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-10-10 Parvaneh Shayegh , Vijayanta Jain , Amin Rabinia , Sepideh Ghanavati

Revelations of large scale electronic surveillance and data mining by governments and corporations have fueled increased adoption of HTTPS. We present a traffic analysis attack against over 6000 webpages spanning the HTTPS deployments of 10…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-03-04 Brad Miller , Ling Huang , A. D. Joseph , J. D. Tygar

Third-party web cookies are often used for privacy-invasive behavior tracking. Partly due to privacy concerns, browser vendors have started to block all third-party cookies in recent years. To understand the effects of such third-party…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Maxwell Lin , Shihan Lin , Helen Wu , Karen Wang , Xiaowei Yang

People are becoming increasingly concerned with their online privacy, especially with how advertising companies track them across websites (a practice called cross-site tracking), as reconstructing a user's browser history can reveal…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-11-22 Alisha Ukani

Different countries have different privacy regulatory models. These models impact the perspectives and laws surrounding internet privacy. However, little is known about how effective the regulatory models are when it comes to limiting…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-06-15 Nathaniel Fruchter , Hsin Miao , Scott Stevenson , Rebecca Balebako

In this work, we analyze the legal requirements on how cookie banners are supposed to be implemented to be fully compliant with the e-Privacy Directive and the General Data Protection Regulation. Our contribution resides in the definition…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-09-25 Cristiana Santos , Nataliia Bielova , Célestin Matte

Web browsers provide the security foundation for our online experiences. Significant research has been done into the security of browsers themselves, but relatively little investigation has been done into how they interact with the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Dolière Francis Somé , Moaz Airan , Zakir Durumeric , Cristian-Alexandru Staicu

In 2002, the European Union (EU) introduced the ePrivacy Directive to regulate the usage of online tracking technologies. Its aim is to make tracking mechanisms explicit while increasing privacy awareness in users. It mandates websites to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2019-05-03 Martino Trevisan , Stefano Traverso , Hassan Metwalley , Marco Mellia

Third-party web tracking is a common, and broadly used technique on the Web. Almost every step of users' is tracked, analyzed, and later used in different use cases (e.g., online advertisement). Different defense mechanisms have emerged to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-11 Nurullah Demir , Daniel Theis , Tobias Urban , Norbert Pohlmann

Privacy preference signals are digital representations of how users want their personal data to be processed. Such signals must be adopted by both the sender (users) and intended recipients (data processors). Adoption represents a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-07-15 Maximilian Hils , Daniel W. Woods , Rainer Böhme

We need to rethink our approach to defend privacy on the internet. Currently, policymakers focus heavily on the idea of informed consent as a means to defend privacy. For instance, in many countries the law requires firms to obtain an…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Frederik Zuiderveen Borgesius

QUIC has rapidly evolved into a cornerstone transport protocol for secure, low-latency communications, yet its deployment continues to expose critical security and privacy vulnerabilities, particularly during connection establishment phases…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Jayasree Sengupta , Debasmita Dey , Simone Ferlin-Reiter , Nirnay Ghosh , Vaibhav Bajpai

The use of secure connections using HTTPS as the default means, or even the only means, to connect to web servers is increasing. It is being pushed from both sides: from the bottom up by client distributions and plugins, and from the top…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2017-06-12 George Michaelson , Matthew Roughan , Jonathan Tuke , Matt P. Wand , Randy Bush

Cookie paywalls allow visitors of a website to access its content only after they make a choice between paying a fee or accept tracking. European Data Protection Authorities (DPAs) recently issued guidelines and decisions on paywalls…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Victor Morel , Cristiana Santos , Viktor Fredholm , Adam Thunberg

A cookie banner pops up when a user visits a website for the first time, requesting consent to the use of cookies and other trackers for a variety of purposes. Unlike prior work that has focused on evaluating the user interface (UI) design…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-10-08 Cristiana Santos , Arianna Rossi , Lorena Sánchez Chamorro , Kerstin Bongard-Blanchy , Ruba Abu-Salma

Dark patterns are (evil) design nudges that steer people's behaviour through persuasive interface design. Increasingly found in cookie consent requests, they possibly undermine principles of EU privacy law. In two preregistered online…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Paul Graßl , Hanna Schraffenberger , Frederik Zuiderveen Borgesius , Moniek Buijzen

Over the last 30 years, the World Wide Web has changed significantly. In this paper, we argue that common practices to prepare web pages for delivery conflict with many efforts to present content with minimal latency, one fundamental goal…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Lucas Vogel , Thomas Springer , Matthias Wählisch

The European Union's General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) requires websites to ask for consent to the use of cookies for \emph{specific purposes}. This enlarges the relevant design space for consent dialogs. Websites could try to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-03-04 Dominique Machuletz , Rainer Böhme