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Although the problem of spam classification seems to be solved, there are still vulnerabilities in the current spam filters that could be easily exploited. We present one such vulnerability, in which one could replace some characters with…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-11-11 Mark Sokolov , Kehinde Olufowobi , Nic Herndon

The Internet has dramatically changed the relationship among people and their relationships with others people and made the valuable information available for the users. Email is the service, which the Internet provides today for its own…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2013-10-24 Foruzan Kiamarzpour , Rouhollah Dianat , Mohammad bahrani , Mehdi Sadeghzadeh

Spear phishing is a widespread concern in the modern network security landscape, but there are few metrics that measure the extent to which reconnaissance is performed on phishing targets. Spear phishing emails closely match the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Michael C. Kotson , Alexia Schulz

Importance sampling is used to approximate Bayes' rule in many computational approaches to Bayesian inverse problems, data assimilation and machine learning. This paper reviews and further investigates the required sample size for…

Computation · Statistics 2021-02-03 Daniel Sanz-Alonso , Zijian Wang

Leveraging the wealth of unlabeled data produced in recent years provides great potential for improving supervised models. When the cost of acquiring labels is high, probabilistic active learning methods can be used to greedily select the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-02-09 Robert Pinsler , Jonathan Gordon , Eric Nalisnick , José Miguel Hernández-Lobato

Forums play an important role in providing a platform for community interaction. The introduction of irrelevant content or spam by individuals for commercial and social gains tends to degrade the professional experience presented to the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-09-12 Pratik Ratadiya , Rahul Moorthy

We consider filters for the detection and extraction of compact sources on a background. We make a one-dimensional treatment (though a generalization to two or more dimensions is possible) assuming that the sources have a Gaussian profile…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 M. Lopez-Caniego , D. Herranz , R. B. Barreiro , J. L. Sanz

This study evaluates the effectiveness of different feature extraction techniques and classification algorithms in detecting spam messages within SMS data. We analyzed six classifiers Naive Bayes, K-Nearest Neighbors, Support Vector…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Mohsen Ahmadi , Matin Khajavi , Abbas Varmaghani , Ali Ala , Kasra Danesh , Danial Javaheri

The use of short text messages in social media and instant messaging has become a popular communication channel during the last years. This rising popularity has caused an increment in messaging threats such as spam, phishing or malware as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2014-08-19 Alejandro Mosquera , Lamine Aouad , Slawomir Grzonkowski , Dylan Morss

Spam mitigation can be broadly classified into two main approaches: a) centralized security infrastructures that rely on a limited number of trusted monitors to detect and report malicious traffic; and b) highly distributed systems that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2009-08-28 Michael Sirivianos , Xiaowei Yang , Kyungbaek Kim

Automatic email categorization is an important application of text classification. We study the automatic reply of email business messages in Brazilian Portuguese. We present a novel corpus containing messages from a real application, and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-07-12 Rogerio Bonatti , Arthur Gola de Paula

The growing sophistication of Business Email Compromise (BEC) and spear phishing attacks poses significant challenges to organizations worldwide. The techniques featured in traditional spam and phishing detection are insufficient due to the…

Naive Bayes classifiers have proven to be useful in many prediction problems with complete training data. Here we consider the situation where a naive Bayes classifier is trained with data where the response is right censored. Such…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2014-11-03 Priyantha Wijayatunga , Xavier de Luna

Machine-learning techniques are widely used in security-related applications, like spam and malware detection. However, in such settings, they have been shown to be vulnerable to adversarial attacks, including the deliberate manipulation of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-09-04 Ambra Demontis , Paolo Russu , Battista Biggio , Giorgio Fumera , Fabio Roli

Since data is the fuel that drives machine learning models, and access to labeled data is generally expensive, semi-supervised methods are constantly popular. They enable the acquisition of large datasets without the need for too many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-12 Jędrzej Kozal , Michał Woźniak

In this work we are concerned with the detection of spam in video sharing social networks. Specifically, we investigate how much visual content-based analysis can aid in detecting spam in videos. This is a very challenging task, because of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2011-04-29 Antonio da Luz , Eduardo Valle , Arnaldo Araujo

Consider the problem of searching a large set of items, such as emails, for a small set which are relevant to a given query. This can be implemented in a sequential manner whereby we use knowledge from earlier items that we have screened to…

Applications · Statistics 2016-08-03 Lisa Turner , Nedialko B. Dimitrov , Paul Fearnhead

Electronic mail services have become an important source of communication for millions of people all over the world. Due to this tremendous growth, there has been a significant increase in spam traffic. Spam messes up user's inbox, consumes…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2010-12-09 Dhinaharan Nagamalai , Beatrice Cynthia Dhinakaran , Jae Kwang Lee

Spam pages are designed to maliciously appear among the top search results by excessive usage of popular terms. Therefore, spam pages should be removed using an effective and efficient spam detection system. Previous methods for web spam…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2013-07-25 Ali Hadian , Behrouz Minaei-Bidgoli

Email spam detection is a critical task in modern communication systems, essential for maintaining productivity, security, and user experience. Traditional machine learning and deep learning approaches, while effective in static settings,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Ghazaleh SHirvani , Saeid Ghasemshirazi