Related papers: Sand as Maxwell's demon
A novel pattern forming instability in a mixture of a granular material and water in a horizontal rotating drum is experimentally investigated. The particles accumulate in radial symmetric rings separated by pure water. The transition…
Gas migration through a soft granular material involves a strong coupling between the motion of the gas and the deformation of the material. This process is relevant to a variety of natural phenomena, such as gas venting from sediments and…
We study the formation of disks via the cooling flow of gas within galactic haloes using smoothed particle hydrodynamics simulations. These simulations resolve mass scales of a few thousand solar masses in the gas component for the first…
We analyse the properties of a very simple ``balls-in-boxes'' model which can exhibit a phase transition between a fluid and a condensed phase, similar to behaviour encountered in models of random geometries in one, two and four dimensions.…
We calculate the formation of dust clouds in atmospheres of giant gas-planets. The chemical structure and the evolution of the grain size distribution in the dust cloud layer is discussed based on a consistent treatment of seed formation,…
We study gravitational clustering of mass points in three dimensions with random initial positions and periodic boundary conditions (no expansion) by numerical simulations. Correlation properties are well defined in the system and a sort of…
The interstellar medium is observed in a hierarchical fractal structure over several orders of magnitude in scale. Aiming to understand the origin of this structure, we carry out numerical simulations of molecular cloud fragmentation,…
Clusters appear in nature in a diversity of contexts, involving distances as long as the cosmological ones, and down to atoms and molecules and the very small nuclear size. They also appear in several other scenarios, in particular in…
Maxwell demons are creatures that are imagined to be able to reduce the entropy of a system without performing any work on it. Conventionally, such a Maxwell demon's intricate action consists of measuring individual particles and…
In both nature and engineering, loosely packed granular materials are often compacted inside confined geometries. Here, we explore such behaviour in a quasi-two dimensional geometry, where parallel rigid walls provide the confinement. We…
A basic problem in the science of realistic granular matter is the plethora of heuristic models of the stress field in the absence of a first-principles theory. Such a theory is formulated here, based on the idea that static granular…
The Second Law of Thermodynamics states that temporal evolution of an isolated system occurs with non-diminishing entropy. In quantum realm, this holds for energy-isolated systems the evolution of which is described by the so-called unital…
We simulate a strongly size-disperse hard-sphere fluid confined between two parallel, hard walls. We find that confinement induces crystallization into n-layered hexagonal lattices and a novel honeycomb-shaped structure, facilitated by…
Mass segregation in a star cluster is studied in an analytical manner. We consider a two-component cluster, which consists of two types of stars with different masses. Plummer's model is used for the initial condition. We trace the overall…
This study contributes to the body of work on instabilities in the homogeneous cooling system focusing on clustering in the multiphase gas-particle system. The critical system size for the onset of instability, $L^*_c$, is studied via three…
Multiple phases occurring in a Bose gas with finite-range interaction are investigated. In the vicinity of the onset of Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) the chemical potential and the pressure show a van-der-Waals like behavior indicating a…
Strongly interacting binary mixtures of superparamagnetic colloidal particles confined to a two-dimensional water-air interface are examined by theory, computer simulation and experiment. The mixture exhibits a partial clustering in…
Chaos is widely understood as being a consequence of sensitive dependence upon initial conditions. This is the result of an instability in phase space, which separates trajectories exponentially. Here, we demonstrate that this criterion…
We analyze a lattice model closely related to the one-dimensional inelastic gas with periodic boundary condition. The one-dimensional inelastic gas tends to form high density clusters of particles with almost the same velocity, separated by…
In this paper, we consider how gas damping affects the dynamical evolution of gas-embedded star clusters. Using a simple three-component (i.e. one gas and two stellar components) model, we compare the rates of mass segregation due to…